Abstract
Enhancement of strength and performance of building members is the need of hour for the existing structures. Every time the slab strengthening is the most challenging task, since very few techniques are available as on date and the productivity of those are under research stage (Hollaway in Constr Build Mater 24:2419–2445, 2010) [1]. In this scenario, fibre reinforced polymer composites promotes the research activity due to the various advantages of these materials over steel (Anakal et al., in Int J Adv Sci Eng Technol 6(1), 2018) [2]. The Fibre Reinforced Composites (FRP) such as CFRP (Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer) composite and GFRP (Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer) composite materials used, seems to be not so economical in the present situation of technology and its application. However, Basalt fibres which are very much used in different engineering fields and their application are limited in Structural and construction industries. In this work, strengthening of RC slabs was done using wrap** technique using Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites by means of hand layup method and wet layup technique. Unidirectional knitted fibres were attached to the surface of the slab in different configurations (plus and square), in a way that the FRP and the RC slab performs as single structure when subjected to load. The effectiveness of the retrofitting method was measured by means of the deflection and crack width on working loads attained by the RC slabs. The deflection and crack width on working loads obtained from the experiment were compared with guidelines of ACI 440.2R-17 (ACI 440.2R-17, Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures) [3], ISIS CANADA Design Manual No. 3 (ISIS CANADA Design Manual No. 3 2007, Reinforcing concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymers) [4], Fib Bulletin14 (Fib Bulletin14-2001, Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures) [5], CNR DT 200 R1/2013 (CNR DT 200 R1/2013, Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures) [6] /CNR-DT 200/2004 (CNR-DT 200/2004, Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures) [7] and TR55 (TR55, Design guidance for strengthening concrete structures using fibre reinforced composite materials) [8]. The observations made are presented along with a comparative statement of analytical and experimental results.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hollaway LC (2010) A review of the present and future utilization of FRP composites in the civil infrastructure with reference to their important in-service properties. Constr Build Mater 24:2419–2445
Anakal A, Arjun K, Shubhalakshmi BS (2018) Retrofitting of reinforced concrete slabs using different FRP’s—a critical review. Int J Adv Sci Eng Technol 6(1). Special Issue 1, ISSN(p) 2321-8991, ISSN(e) 2321-9009
ACI 440.2R-17, Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures. Reported by ACI Committee 440
ISIS CANADA Design Manual No. 3 2007, Reinforcing concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymers. ISIS Canada research network, Version 2, Manual No. 3, ISBN 0-9689006-6-6
Fib Bulletin14-2001, Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures. Fib Bulletin-14, Task group 9.3-FRP reinforcement for concrete structures, International Federation for structural concrete
CNR DT 200 R1/2013, Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Existing Structures, CNR—Advisory Committee on Technical Recommendations for Construction. National Research Council, Rome
CNR-DT 200/2004, Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures, CNR-Advisory committee of technical recommendations for construction, National Research Council, Rome.
TR55, Design Guidance for Strengthening Concrete Structures Using Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials, Network group for composites in construction, London.
Shubhalakshmi BS, Jagannatha Reddy HN, Prabhakara R, Kasi A (2020) Performance-based economic evaluation of retrofitted slabs with different FRP’s and different configurations. Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 202,1 Narasimhan MC et al (eds) Trends in civil engineering and challenges for sustainability, Lecture notes in civil engineering, vol 99, pp 323–331. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6828-2_25
Shubhalakshmi BS, Jagannatha Reddy HN, Arjun K (2016) Flexural strength of two-way RC slabs retrofitted with basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP). Int J Eng Sci Res Technol 5(8):207–213. ISSN 2277-9655
Pendhari SS, Kant T, Desai YM (2008) Application of polymer composites in civil construction: a general review. Compos Struct 84:114–124
Di Ludovico M, Prota A, Manfredi G (2010) Structural upgrade using basalt fibres for concrete confinement. J Compos Constr 14(5):541–552
Wei B, Cao H, Song S (2011) Degradation of basalt fibre and glass fibre/epoxy resin composites in seawater. Corrosion Sci 53:426–431
Li-jun O, Zhou-dao L, Wei-zhen C (2012) Flexural experimental study on continuous reinforced concrete beams strengthened with basalt fibre reinforced polymer/plastic. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ (Sci.) 15(5):613–618
Singaravadivelan R, Sakthieswaren N, Muthuramu KL (2012) Experimental investigation on the behaviour of flexural strengthening of beam using basalt fibre. In: International conference on automotive, mechanical and materials engineering (ICAMME'2012), Penang (Malaysia), pp 85–89
Zhishen W, **n W, Gang W (2012) Advancement of structural safety and sustainability with basalt fibre reinforced polymers. In: Proceedings of CICE 2012 6th international conference on FRP composites in civil engineering at international institute for FRP in construction (IIFC), Rome, Italy
Anandakumar R, Selvamony C, Kannan SU (2014) Retrofitting of concrete specimens and reinforced concrete piles using basalt fibres. Int J Eng Sci Invent 2(8):01–05
Elsanadedy HM, Almusallam TH, Alsayed SH, Al-Salloum YA (2013) Flexural strengthening of RC beams using textile reinforced mortar—experimental and numerical study. Composite Struct 97:40–55
Gore Ketan R, Kulkarni SM (2013) The performance of basalt fibre in high strength concrete. J Inform Knowl Res Civil Eng 2(2):117–124
Ma G, Li H, Wang J (2013) Experimental study of the seismic behavior of an earthquake-damaged reinforced concrete frame structure retrofitted with basalt fibre-reinforced polymer. J Composites Constr 04013002 1-10
Maariappan G, Singaravadivelan R (2013) Studies on behaviour of RCC beam-column joint retrofitted with basalt fibre reinforced polymer sheet. Glob J Res Eng Civil Struct Eng 13(5). Version 1.0
Pearson M, Donchev T, Salazar J (2013) Long-term behaviour of prestressed basalt fibre reinforced polymer bars. In: The 2nd international conference on rehabilitation and maintenance in civil engineering. Procedia Eng 54:261–269
Sfarra S, Ibarra-Castanedo C, Santulli C, Paoletti A, Paoletti D, Sarasini F, Bendada A, Maldague X (2013) Falling weight impacted glass and basalt fibre woven composites inspected using non-destructive techniques. Composites: Part B 45:601–608
Yuan F, Pan J, Leung CKY (2013) Flexural behaviors of ECC and concrete/ECC composite beams reinforced with basalt fibre-reinforced polymer. J Composites Constr 17(5):591–602
Dhand V, Mittal G, Rhee KY, Hui D (2014) A short review on basalt fibre reinforced polymer composites. Composites: Part B
Fiore V, Scalici T, Di Bella G, Valenza A (2014) A review on basalt fibre and its composites. Composites: Part B
Gopinath S, Murthy AR, Iyer NR, Prabha M (2014) Behaviour of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with basalt textile reinforced concrete. J Industr Textiles 1–11
Larrinaga P, Chastre C, Biscaia HC, San-Jose JT (2014) Experimental and numerical modeling of basalt textile reinforced mortar behavior under uniaxial tensile stress. Mater Des 55:66–74
High C, Seliem HM, El-Safty A, Rizkalla SH (2015) Use of basalt fibres for concrete structures. Constr Build Mater 96:37–46
Ebead U, Marzouk H (2004) Fibre-reinforced polymer strengthening of two-way slabs. ACI Struct J 101(5):650–659
ACI 440.2R-02, Guide for the Design and Construction of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Strengthening Concrete Structures, Reported by ACI Committee 440
Dola TA, Ahmed MdZ (2015) A comparative study on beam strengthened with externally bonded FRP material. Int J Sci Eng Res 6(2):1325–1332
Bakis CE, Bank LC, Brown VL, Cosenza E, Davalos JF, Lesko JJ, Rizkalla SH, Triantafillou TC (2002) Fibre-reinforced polymer composites for construction-state-of-the-art review. J Composites Constr 6(2):73–87
Wu G, Gu DS, Wu ZS, Jiang JB, Hu XQ (2007) comparative study on seismic performance of circular concrete columns strengthened with BFRP and CFRP composites. In: Smith ST (ed) Asia-Pacific conference on FRP in structures (APFIS 2007). International Institute for FRP in Construction
BASF Application guidelines: MBrace fabric, BASF-The Chemical Company, Technical sheet, BASF, 2009
Basalt fabric, Nickunj Eximp Private limited, Mumbai
BASF, MasterBrace 4500 Brochure
BASF, MasterBrace P 3500 Brochure
BASF, MasterBrace ADH 2200 Brochure
ASTM D 4541; Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers
ASTM D 695; Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics
ASTM D 579; Standard Specification for Greige Woven Glass Fabrics
BS 6319-7:1985; Testing of resin and polymer/cement compositions for use in construction. Method for measurement of tensile strength
BS 6319-3:1990; Testing of resin and polymer/cement compositions for use in construction. Methods for measurement of modulus of elasticity in flexure and flexural strength
IS 10262-2009; Guidelines for concrete mix design proportioning. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 456-2000; Plain and reinforced concrete—code of practice. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
SP 34-1987; Handbook on concrete reinforcement and detailing. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 12269-1987; Specification for 43 grade ordinary Portland cement. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 12269-2013; Specification for 53 grade ordinary Portland cement. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 8112-1989; Specification for 43 grade ordinary Portland cement. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 383-1970; Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete. Second revision, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 2386 (Part-III)-1963; Methods of test for aggregates for concrete (Specific gravity density, voids, absorption and bulking). Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 2386 (Part-IV)-1963; Methods of test for Aggregates for concrete, Mechanical properties. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
IS 1786-2008; High strength deformed steel bars and wires for concrete reinforcement. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
Retrofitting products, MBrace: a composite strengthening system
MasterBrace Composite Strengthening Systems Solutions, Master Builder Solutions Brochure BASF MBrace composite strengthening systems, BASF Construction Chemicals—Building systems, Technical sheet, Form No. 1030493, BASF 9/06, 2006
Retrofitting products, MBrace: a composite strengthening system. Indian Concr J 517–518, 2002
BS 8110-2:1985; Structural use of concrete. Part 2: Code of practice for special circumstances.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Shubhalakshmi, B.S., Jagannath Reddy, H.N., Prabhakara, R., Kasi, A. (2023). Experimental and Analytical Comparative Analysis on Effectiveness of Different Wrap** Techniques for Two Way RC Slabs Using Different International Guidelines. In: Nandagiri, L., Narasimhan, M.C., Marathe, S. (eds) Recent Advances in Civil Engineering. CTCS 2021. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 256. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1862-9_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1862-9_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-1861-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-1862-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)