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Application of Fish Lectin in Human and Veterinary Medicine

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Aquatic Lectins

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Abstract

Mucus is encased in the membranes of several fish species. These mucus build-ups serve as a barrier between the fish and the environment. It is essential to remember that mucus is rich in lectins and has a function in disease defense. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins produced by a variety of species. Lectins are simple molecules with a long list of well-known uses. Lectins are a kind of protein found all around the world that uses its binding sites to selectively differentiate between glycoconjugates. Structure, carbohydrate specificity, and species location are used to classify lectins. Lectins are a structurally diverse group of proteins that are distinguished by their capacity to preferentially bind carbohydrate moieties of cell surface glycoproteins. Plant-, microbial-, and animal-derived lectins may be membrane-bound. Tetramers with the same subunits make up lectins. Muscle proteins are abundant in fish frames that have been intuitively deboned. As a result, dispensation by-products-derived fish proteins may be digested to recover protein biomass. The amino acid content of these muscle proteins makes them nutritionally valuable and appealing. The usefulness of vertebrate lectins in innate immunity is now being explored, although the results are mostly unrealized for fish. Recent study, as well as the critical function of routes and applications cited in a variety of sources, has aided in describing how these chemicals activate fish’s defensive systems. The aim of this chapter is to look at the use and usage of fish lectin in veterinary medicine and human medicine. Many investigations have shown that fish lectins exist. Some of these investigations are described and tabulated in this chapter, along with fish lectins discovered since the previous major review. In conclusion, careful lectins are described in more detail for practical use. To summarize, this chapter gives an overview of fish lectin research, with a focus on their application and applications in veterinary medicine, as well as their performance and prospective characteristics.

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Abbreviations

ComaSeL:

Colossoma macropomum

CRD:

Carbohydrate recognition domain

DlFBL:

Dicentrarchus labrax fucose-binding lectin

Dln1:

Danio rerio primer

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

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Acknowledgement

The author M.D. thank Dr. S. Vijayakumar, Marine College, Shandong University, P.R. China, for his technical and software support.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declares no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

    Mani Divya

  2. Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

    Baskaralingam Vaseeharan

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  1. Mani Divya
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India

    Preetham Elumalai

  2. Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

    Baskaralingam Vaseeharan

  3. School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Cochin, Kerala, India

    Sreeja Lakshmi

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Divya, M., Vaseeharan, B. (2022). Application of Fish Lectin in Human and Veterinary Medicine. In: Elumalai, P., Vaseeharan, B., Lakshmi, S. (eds) Aquatic Lectins. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0432-5_16

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