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Nanostructured Platforms Interfacing with Nervous System

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Handbook of Neuroengineering

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Abstract

To provide diagnosis and therapy for dysfunction in the nervous system, various biomaterials and/or medical devices serve as platforms to communicate with the system and regulate dysfunctional neuronal circuits. Recent advances in nanotechnology enable the construction of nanostructured platforms with ultrasmall feature size and superior material property at the nanoscale, targeted at interfacing with the nervous system seamlessly. The chapter provides an overview of nanostructured neural platforms and introduces three main kinds of platforms: nanoelectronics, nanofibers, and nanoparticles. The potential neural applications of the nanostructured platforms are discussed, including neural recording, neural modulation, neural regeneration, and imaging. The interactions between the platforms and the neural cells in vitro and in vivo are also briefly reviewed. The chapter ends with a discussion on existing barriers to clinical translation and future research directions of the platforms.

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Abbreviations

BMSC:

Bone marrow stem cell

CNT:

Carbon nanotube

CP:

Conducting polymer

DRG:

Dorsal root ganglion

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

ESC:

Embryonic stem cell

FET:

Field-effect transistor

GO:

Graphene oxide

MAP:

Mussel adhesive protein

NIR:

Near-infrared

NP:

Nanoparticle

NPC:

Neural progenitor cell

NSC:

Neural stem cell

PEDOT:

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

SC:

Schwann cell

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SNR:

Signal-to-noise ratio

UCNP:

Upconversion nanoparticle

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Nuan Chen & Seeram Ramakrishna

  2. SINAPSE Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Nuan Chen

  3. The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Nuan Chen

  4. Neuroengineering and Biomedical Instrumentation Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Nitish V. Thakor

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  1. Nuan Chen
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  2. Seeram Ramakrishna
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  3. Nitish V. Thakor
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Correspondence to Seeram Ramakrishna .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroengineering and Biomedical Instrumentation Laboratory Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Nitish V. Thakor

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Chen, N., Ramakrishna, S., Thakor, N.V. (2023). Nanostructured Platforms Interfacing with Nervous System. In: Thakor, N.V. (eds) Handbook of Neuroengineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5540-1_17

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