Abstract
G-quadruplexes are atypical four stranded structures of DNA formed as a result of guanine residues stacking in a G-tetrad plane. These G-quadruplex forming sequences are strategically distributed in specific genomic regions such as the telomeric ends and promoter region of various proto-oncogenes. They are involved in various cellular processes including transcription, replication, epigenetic regulation, and genomic stability. As compared to the normal cells, increase in the number of G-quadruplex structures has been detected in cancer cells, making it a promising target for development of anticancer chemotherapeutics. A wide range of G-quadruplex targeting agents are being explored in this regard. Naphthalene diimide (NDI) derivatives, a class of aromatic imides, are one of the excellent G-quadruplex binders with promising antineoplastic properties currently being tested against cancers of different types. DNA interacting properties of NDI have been extensively exploited to further enhance its anticancer activities. The selectivity of photosensitive NDI derivatives towards G-quadruplex structures has led to development of photoactivatable NDI compounds specifically targeting G-quadruplexes and imparting localized photoinduced oxidative insults. With further advancement in research and development, core substituted NDI derivatives targeting G-quadruplex structures can have major applications in theranostics, particularly against cancer. This chapter discusses about the interaction of NDI derivatives and G-quadruplex structures in the context of oxidative vulnerability of G-quadruplex structure with potential implications of such interactions in the development of better anticancer chemotherapeutics.
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Gurung, S.K., Kumari, S., Mondal, N. (2022). Oxidative Stress Modulation by G-quadruplex Binder-Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives and Its Therapeutic Potential. In: Chakraborti, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Therapeutic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5422-0_259
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