Abstract
Biorefineries design, as for other industries, usually target the economy of scale approach, maximizing processing capacities to achieve economic viability. However, the installation of large-scale biorefineries has some drawbacks, namely their high capital costs and the difficulty to assure a proper supply of biomass at regional level. Small-scale, self-sustainable, biorefineries can solve several of the challenges of their larger competitors and are also reported to expand environmental and social benefits, but several hurdles for their deployment still exist.
This chapter describes a methodology for the implementation of an integrated small-scale self-sustainable biorefinery in a rural area, based on a design that takes advantage of the synergies of processing two types of feedstock (corn stover and swine manure). A detailed explanation for the process selection by performing a heuristic analysis, process simulation, mass and energy balances alongside with the techno-economic assessment of the biorefinery is provided. The full life cycle assessment (LCA) of producing xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and ethanol from lignocellulosic residues, i.e. corn stover, under a biorefinery concept to be located in Portugal is also assessed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
NPV—Net Present Value: \( \mathrm{NPV}=\sum \limits_{n=0}^{n=\mathrm{project}\ \mathrm{lifetime}}\frac{\mathrm{Cash}\ \mathrm{Flow}}{{\left(1+\mathrm{interest}\right)}^n} \) (Sadhukhan et al. 2014)
- 2.
Small-scale was defined by comparison of the amount of final product obtained with the produced amount in industrial scale of the same products, that for the present analysis should differ at least in one order of magnitude. For the cases where more than one product is obtained, the same approach is applied to the biomass processed.
- 3.
LCB—lignocellulosic biorefinery.
- 4.
ADB—anaerobic digestion biorefinery.
References
ABENGOA (2013) Hugoton project. http://www.abengoa.com/web/en/novedades/hugoton/acerca_hugoton/. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
ANPROMIS (2020). http://www.anpromis.pt. Accessed 26 Nov 2020
Balan V (2014) Current challenges in commercially producing biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. ISRN Biotechnol 2014:463074. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/463074
Betarenewables (2017). http://www.betarenewables.com/crescentino/project. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Bharathiraja B et al (2016) Integrated biorefinery for bioenergy and platform chemicals. In: Platform chemical biorefinery. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 417–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802980-0.00022-5
BioGasol (2017). http://www.biogasol.dk/. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Cardona Alzate CA, Rodríguez MIM, Suárez JAQ (2004) Selección de tecnologías apropiadas para la producción de etanol carburante. Ingeniería de Recursos Naturales y del Ambiente 1(2):48–55
Cardona Alzate CA, Botero JM, Marulanda VA (2019) Biorefineries. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315114088
Chandel AK et al (2018) The path forward for lignocellulose biorefineries: bottlenecks, solutions, and perspective on commercialization. Bioresour Technol 264:370–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.06.004
Clariant (2017) Sunliquid®. https://www.clariant.com/en/Business-Units/New-Businesses/Biotech-and-Biobased-Chemicals/Sunliquid. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
‘Decreto-Lei n.o 64/2017’ (2017) Diário da República n.o 113/2017, Série I de 2017-06-12. https://data.dre.pt/eli/dec-lei/64/2017/06/12/p/dre/pt/html
‘Decreto-Lei n.o 65/2017’ (2017) Diário da República n.o 113/2017, Série I de 2017-06-12. https://data.dre.pt/eli/dec-lei/65/2017/06/12/p/dre/pt/html
‘Decreto-Lei n.o 66/2017’ (2017) Diário da República n.o 113/2017, Série I de 2017-06-12. https://data.dre.pt/eli/dec-lei/66/2017/06/12/p/dre/pt/html
‘Decreto-Lei n.o 67/2017’ (2017) Diário da República n.o 113/2017, Série I de 2017-06-12. https://data.dre.pt/eli/dec-lei/67/2017/06/12/p/dre/pt/html
Delmas M (2015) Wood residues as feedstock for the 2G biolignin biorefinery. https://www.swst.org/wp/meetings/AM15/pdfs/presentations/delmas.pdf. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
EPAL (2017). http://www.epal.pt. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
ERSE (2018) ERSE—Energy Services Regulatory Authority. http://www.erse.pt. Accessed 1 Oct 2018
Gírio F, Fonseca C (2015) Final report summary—PROETHANOL2G (Integration of Biology and Engineering into an Economical and Energy-Efficient 2G Bioethanol Biorefinery). EU-Brazil Collaborative project funded by the EU Commission EU: (FP7-ENERGY-2009-BRAZIL, Contract No 251151) and Brazilian government (BRAZIL: Edital no 006/2009 - CNPq/MCT).
Gírio FM et al (2010) Hemicelluloses for fuel ethanol: a review. Bioresour Technol 101(13):4775–4800. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2010.01.088
GranBio (2017) Colheita de Palha. http://www.granbio.com.br/conteudos/colheita-de-palha/. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Gullón B et al (2017) Production and emerging applications of bioactive oligosaccharides from biomass hemicelluloses by hydrothermal processing. In: Hydrothermal processing in biorefineries. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 253–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56457-9_10
Instituto Nacional de Estatística (2018) Estatísticas Agrícolas - 2017
Lopes TF et al (2019) Techno‐economic and life‐cycle assessments of small‐scale biorefineries for isobutene and xylo‐oligosaccharides production: a comparative study in Portugal and Chile. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefining 13(5):1321–1332. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2036
MEC (2017). http://www.maabjergenergycenter.com/facts-about-mec/. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Moncada J, El-Halwagi MM, Cardona CA (2013) Techno-economic analysis for a sugarcane biorefinery: Colombian case. Bioresour Technol 135:533–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.137
Moniz PMA (2014) Processos de fracionamento de resíduos agroindustriais para obtenção de hemiceluloses e lenhina de elevada qualidade para aproveitamento integrado no âmbito de uma biorrefinaria. PhD thesis, Instituto Superior de Agronomia - Universidade de Lisboa
Moniz P et al (2013) Characterisation and hydrothermal processing of corn straw towards the selective fractionation of hemicelluloses. Ind Crops Prod 50:145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDCROP.2013.06.037
Moniz P et al (2016) Assessment of the bifidogenic effect of substituted xylo-oligosaccharides obtained from corn straw. Carbohyd Polym 136:466–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.046
Mussatto SI et al (2013) Techno-economic analysis for brewer’s spent grains use on a biorefinery concept: the Brazilian case. Bioresour Technol 148:302–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2013.08.046
NREL (2011) Process design and economics for biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol: dilute-acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover, vol 303. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden. https://doi.org/10.2172/1013269
Persson M (2013) European Biofuels Technology Platform. http://biofuelstp.eu/spm4/pres/michael_persson.pdf. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Peters M et al (2003) In: Peters MS, Timmerhaus KD, West RE (eds) Plant design and economics for chemical engineers, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
POET-DSM (2017). http://poet-dsm.com/pr/first-commercial-scale-cellulosic-plant. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Quintero JA, Moncada J, Cardona CA (2013) Techno-economic analysis of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic residues in Colombia: a process simulation approach. Bioresour Technol 139:300–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.048
Quora (2017). https://www.quora.com/topic/Biofuels. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
‘Resolução do Conselho de Ministros n.o 163/2017’ (2017) Diário da República n.o 210/2017, Série I de 2017-10-31. https://data.dre.pt/eli/resolconsmin/163/2017/10/31/p/dre/pt/html
Sadhukhan J, Ng KS, Hernandez EM (2014) Economic analysis. In: Biorefineries and chemical processes: design, integration and sustainability analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 45–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118698129.ch2
Samanta AK et al (2015) Xylooligosaccharides as prebiotics from agricultural by-products: production and applications. Bioactive Carbohydr Dietary Fibre 5(1):62–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BCDF.2014.12.003
Serna-Loaiza S, García-Velásquez CA, Cardona CA (2019) Strategy for the selection of the minimum processing scale for the economic feasibility of biorefineries. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefining 13(1):107–119. https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1941
Trading Economics (2017). https://tradingeconomics.com/. Accessed 1 Oct 2017
Turck D et al (2018) Safety of xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOS) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA J 16(7):5361. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5361
Ulrich GD, Vasudevan PT (2006) How to estimate utility costs. Chem Eng 113(4):66–69
Vegas R et al (2006) Membrane-assisted processing of xylooligosaccharide-containing liquors. J Agric Food Chem 54(15):5430–5436. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf060525w
Vegas R et al (2008) Evaluation of ultra- and nanofiltration for refining soluble products from rice husk xylan. Bioresour Technol 99(13):5341–5351. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2007.11.028
de Visser CLM, van Ree R (2016) Small-scale biorefining. Wageningen University & Research. http://edepot.wur.nl/405718
Wooley RJ, Putsche V (1996) Development of an ASPEN PLUS physical property database for biofuels components, NREL/TP-425-20685, pp 1–32
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lopes, T.F., Duarte, L.C., Carvalheiro, F., Cardona, C.A., Gírio, F. (2022). Production of Hemicellulosic Sugars from Residual Lignocellulosic Biomass in an Integrated Small-Scale Biorefinery: Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessments. In: Brienzo, M. (eds) Hemicellulose Biorefinery: A Sustainable Solution for Value Addition to Bio-Based Products and Bioenergy. Clean Energy Production Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3682-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3682-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-3681-3
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-3682-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)