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Polymerizations Catalyzed with Rhodium Complexes

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Novel Metathesis Chemistry: Well-Defined Initiator Systems for Specialty Chemical Synthesis, Tailored Polymers and Advanced Material Applications

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((NAII,volume 122))

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Abstract

In the last decade, rhodium complexes are increasingly used as catalysts for a preparation of specialty polymers of diverse functionality, since a use of them brings about important advantages. Rh-catalysts (i) show unusually high tolerance to the reaction surroundings as well as to functional groups of reactants and products, (ii) they often show a precise control of the configurational structure of formed macromolecules (particularly those of polyvinylenes), (iii) they can be transformed to the living polymerization systems, (iv) they can be anchored on various inorganic and organic supports to give effective heterogeneous catalysts, and (v) they can catalyze reactions in the ionic liquid systems. Rhodium complexes are prevailingly used for a preparation of stereoregular (head-to-tail, cis-transoid) polymers of monosubstituted acetylenes, molecules of which easily adopt the helical conformation in the solid state, some of them even in solutions (e.g., molecules of poly(propiolate)s). In addition to it, Rh-complexes are nowadays used as catalysts of (i) atom transfer radical polymerization, (ii) polymerization of arylallenes taking place exclusively via 2,3-addition mode and copolymerization of allenes with carbon monooxide to give alternating copolymers, (iii) cross-dehydrocoupling polymerization of dihydrosilanes and bis(hydrosilane)s with diols, disilanols and dithiols, (iv) silylative coupling polymerization of bis(vinylsilane)s, (v) hydrosilylative addition copolymerization of bis(silane)s and diethynyl monomers, and (vi) ring-opening polymerization of silaferrocenophanes and 1,3-disilacyclobutanes. In spite of a high synthesis potential, a practical application of these expensive catalysts in a medium-to-large scale production of polymers depends on successful solving of questions related to their effective and reliable recycling.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Charles University, Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    J. Vohlídal, M. Pacovská, J. Sedláček, J. Svoboda & J. Zedník

  2. J. HeyrovskÝ Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-182 23, Prague 8, Czech Republic

    H. Balcar

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  1. J. Vohlídal
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  2. M. Pacovská
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  3. J. Sedláček
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  4. J. Svoboda
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  5. J. Zedník
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  6. H. Balcar
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey

    Y. Imamoglu

  2. Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Veszprem, Veszprem, Hungary

    L. Bencze

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Vohlídal, J., Pacovská, M., Sedláček, J., Svoboda, J., Zedník, J., Balcar, H. (2003). Polymerizations Catalyzed with Rhodium Complexes. In: Imamoglu, Y., Bencze, L. (eds) Novel Metathesis Chemistry: Well-Defined Initiator Systems for Specialty Chemical Synthesis, Tailored Polymers and Advanced Material Applications. NATO Science Series, vol 122. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0066-6_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0066-6_10

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