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The Department of Radio Astronomy of the Main Astronomical Observatory of the USSR Academy of Sciences

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A Brief History of Radio Astronomy in the USSR

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 382))

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Abstract

The history of the organisation of the Department and the principles behind the construction of unique telescopes in the form of variable-profile antennas developed at the Main Astronomical Observatory (GAO) are described, together with the development of other new methods and equipment and astrophysical results obtained by the GAO radio-astronomy group. The chapter also discusses the birth of the RATAN-600 radio telescope and the beginning of work on its realisation.

The Department of Radio Astronomy of the Main Astronomical Observatory of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Pulkovo (GAO) was born in the Lebedev Physical Institute (FIAN), organised by the Head of Radio Astronomy Section of the Oscillation Laboratory of FIAN S.E. Khaikin.

The principles behind the construction of variable-profile antennas (VPAs) were developed at FIAN in 1952, and the construction of the Large Pulkovo Radio Telescope, intended to become the main instrument of the GAO Department of Radio Astronomy was planned. Work on the perfection of radiometers and polarimeters operating at centimetre wavelengths was carried out at FIAN.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A.A. Mikhailov (ed.), 125 years of the Pulkovo Observatory, 1966, Leningrad: Nauka (in Russian).

  2. 2.

    Pulsars with very steep spectra whose detection is inefficient at centimetre wavelengths were not known at that time.

  3. 3.

    A.A. Mikhailov (ed.), 125 years of the Pulkovo Observatory, 1966, Leningrad: Nauka (in Russian), p. 57.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Astronomical Observatory, USSR Academy of Sciences, Pulkovskoe ch. 65/1, Lenningrad, 196140, USSR

    N. L. Kaidanovskii

Authors
  1. N. L. Kaidanovskii
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences, 4 ul. Krasnoznamennaya, Kharkov, 61002, Ukraine

    S. Y. Braude

  2. , Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskii Pr., Moscow, 119991, Russia

    A. E. Salomonovich

  3. Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, Aragatzotn Province, Byurakan, 378433, Armenia

    V. A. Samanian

  4. , Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 84/32 ul. Profsoyuznaya, Moscow, 117997, Russia

    I. S. Shklovskii

  5. , Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskii Pr., Moscow, 119991, Russia

    R. L. Sorochenko

  6. Radio Physical Research Institute, Nizhnii, Novgorod, 603000, Russia

    V. S. Troitskii

  7. National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Edgemont Road 520, Charlottesville, 22901, Virginia, USA

    K. I. Kellermann

  8. , Institute of Radio Engineering and Elect, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia

    B. A. Dubinskii

  9. , Central Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pulkovskoe ch. 65/1, St. Petersburg, 196140, Russia

    N. L. Kaidanovskii

  10. , Lebedev Physical Institute, Astro Space Center, Prosoyuznaya ul 84/32, Moscow, 117997, Russia

    N. S. Kardashev

  11. , Radio Physical Research Institute, Gorkii Physical-Technical Research Insti, USSR Academy of Sciences, Gorkii, Russia

    M. M. Kobrin

  12. , Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninskii Pr., Moscow, 119991, Russia

    A. D. Kuzmin

  13. , Central Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pulkovskoe ch. 65/1, St. Petersburg, 196140, Russia

    A. P. Molchanov

  14. , Central Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pulkovskoe ch. 65/1, St. Petersburg, 196140, Russia

    Yu. N. Pariiskii

  15. , Inst. of Radio Engin. and Electrical Eng, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009, Russia

    O. N. Rzhiga

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Kaidanovskii, N.L. (2012). The Department of Radio Astronomy of the Main Astronomical Observatory of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In: Braude, S., et al. A Brief History of Radio Astronomy in the USSR. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 382. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2834-9_4

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