SpringerLink
Log in

Cytomixis: Causes and Consequences as a Case Study in Vicia faba L.

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Chromosome Structure and Aberrations

Abstract

Broad bean (Vicia faba L.) is a member of the family Fabaceae which showed cytomixis during microsporogenesis. Cytomixis is proposed to be caused by genes, abnormal cell wall formation, action of chemicals, changes in the biochemical process, imbalanced and sterile genetic systems, persistence of male-sterile mutant genes, and frequent alterations in environmental factors. The cytomixis was found to happen through different methods, i.e., cytoplasmic channels and direct fusion method in the meiocytes. The former was more abundant than the latter, and both the methods were found in various phases of microsporogenesis. The transfer of chromatin material involved the whole diploid set of chromosomes or some chromosomes in the diploid set from donor to recipient cell/cells. The PMCs which showed deviation from the basic diploid chromosome number by cytomixis may lead to the formation of aneuploid and polyploid gametes. Stickiness was found in all the mutagen-treated population and showed dose-dependent increase with the mutagens. There was found positive correlation between the pollen fertility, cytomixis, and chromosomal stickiness. Genetic factors might have been also contributed toward decrease in pollen fertility. The cytomixis was reported in both the varieties of Vicia faba L., but the var. minor showed more frequency than var. major along with stickiness and reduction in pollen fertility indicating its greater sensitivity to the mutagens.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 117.69
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmad S, Godward MBE (1981) Comparison of radio-resistant with a radio-sensitive cultivar of Cicer arietinum L. II Differences in the number of chromosome aberrations at the same dose. Environ Exp Bot 21:143–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amer SM, Mikhael E (1986) Cytological effects of pesticides. XVI Effects of the insecticide rotenone on root mitosis of Vicia faba. Cytologia 51:171–176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amma CKS, Namboodiri AN, Panikkar AON, Sethuraj MR (1990) Radiation induced male sterility in Hevea brasiliensis (Willd ex Adr. De Juss) Muell. Arg. Cytologia 55:547–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anis M, Wani AA (1997) Caffeine induced morpho-cytological variability in fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Cytologia 62:343–349

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anis M, Abbasi N, Sharma N (2000) Cytological effect of mutagens in Capsicum annuum. J Cytol Genet 1:17–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Bahl SR, Tyagi BR (1988) Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Papaver dubium L. Cytologia 53:771–775

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basavaiah D, Murthy TCS (1987) Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Urochloa panicoides. (Poaceae). Cytologia 52:69–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhamburkar S, Bhalla JK (1985) Effects of differential and combined treatments of gamma rays, hydrazine and mitomycin-C in blackgram. J Indian Bot Soc 8:82–87

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA (2007) studies on the effect of induced mutagenesis on the cytomorphological parameters of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L) with special reference to improvement in economic characters. PhD thesis. Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Khan AH, Parveen S (2005a) Comparative analysis of meiotic abnormalities induced by gamma rays. EMS and MMS in Vicia faba L. J Indian Bot Soc 84:45–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Parveen S, Khan AH (2005b) Clastogenic effect of EMS and MMS in Vicia faba L. J Cytol Genet 6:117–122

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Khan AH, Parveen S (2006a) Effect of EMS on certain Cytomorphological parameters in two varieties in Vicia faba L. Ad Plant Sci 19:227–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Khan AH, Parveen S, Ganai FA (2006b) Studies on the effect of EMS on meiosis and pollen fertility in Vicia faba L. Ad Plant Sci 19:243–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Khan AH, Parveen S, Wani NA (2006c) Radiation Induced pod and seed mutants and MMS induced closed flower mutant in broad been (Vicia faba L.). Indian J Genet 66:249–250

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Parveen S, Khan AH (2006d) MMS-induced Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L). Turk J Bot 30:273–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Parveen S, Khan AH (2007a) Meiotic studies in two varieties of Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) after EMS treatment. Asian J Plant Sci 6:51–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat TA, Sharma M, Anis M (2007b) Comparative analysis of mitotic aberrations induced by Diethyl sulphate (DES) and Sodium Azide (SA) in Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae). Pak J Biol Sci 10:783–787

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bond DA, Lawes DA, Hawtin GC, Saxena MC Stephens JS (1985) Faba bean (Vicia faba L.). In: Summerfield RJ, Roberts EH (eds) Grain legume crops. William Collins Sons Co. Ltd, London, pp 199–265. WIX 3LA.UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowes BG (1973) Note on apparent case of cytomixis in the root apex of Allium cepa. Cytologia 38:125–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper DD (1952) The transfer of deoxyribose nucleic acid from the tapetum to the microsporocytes at the onset of meiosis. Am Nat 86:219–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cubero JI (1973) Evolutionary trends in Vida faba. Theor Appl Genet 43:59–65

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dhamayanthi KPM, Reddy VRK (2000) Cytogenetic effects of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Cytologia 65:129–133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duke JA (1981) Handbook of legumes of world economic importance. Plenum Press, New York, pp 199–265

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • F.A.O (1994) Production year Book-Rome. F.A.O, Italey

    Google Scholar 

  • Falistocco E, Tosti T, Falcinelli M (1995) Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of diploid Dactylis, one of the origins of 2n gametes. Heredity 86:448–453

    Google Scholar 

  • Gates RR (1911) Pollen formation in Oenothera gigas. Ann Bot 25:909–940

    Google Scholar 

  • Ganai FA, Khan AH, Bhat TA, Parveen S, Wani NA (2005) Cytogenetic effects of Methyl Methane Sulphonate (MMS) on varieties of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). J Cytol Genet 6:97–102

    Google Scholar 

  • George K, Geethamma S (1985) Role of cytomixis in the speciation of Jasminum. Curr Sci 54:586–587

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottschalk W (1970) Chromosome and nuclear migration during microsporogenesis of Pisum sativum. Nucleus 13:1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulfishan M, Khan AH, Bhat TA (2010) Studies on cytotoxicity induced by DES and SA in Vicia faba L. var. Major. Turk J Bot 34:31–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulfishan M, Khan AH, Haneef I, Bhat TA (2011) Genotoxic effect of Diethyl Sulphate in two varieties of Capsicum annum L. Nucleus 54(2):107–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulfishan M, Khan AH, Gefferi IF, Bhat TA (2012) Assessment of mutagencity induced by MMS and DES in Capsicum annum L. Saudi J Biol Sci 19:251–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR, Dewat JMJ (1975) On O. winge and a prayer: the origins of polyploidy. Bot Rev 41:361–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haroun SA, Al Shehri AM, Al Wadie HM (2004) Cytomixis in the microsporogenesis of Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae). Cytologia 69:7–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Health MC, Pilbeam CJ, Mckenzie BA, Hebblethwaite PD (1994) Plant architecture, competitive ability and crop productivity in food legumes with particular emphasis on pea (Pisum sativum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.). In: Muehlbauer FJ, Kaiser WJ (eds) Expanding the production and use of cool season food legumes. Kluvser Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 771–790

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Jambunathan R, Blain HL, Dhindsa KH, Hussain LA, Korgure K, Lijuan L, Youssef MM (1994) Diversifying use of cool season food legumes through processing. In: Muehlbauer FJ, Kaiser WJ (eds) Expanding the production and use of cool season Food Legumes. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, pp 98–112

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kallo Z (1972) Chromosomal alterations in mitotic and meiotic system as influenced by gamma rays in Pisum. Cytologia 37:643–651

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamra OP (1960) Chromatin extrusion and cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Hordeum. Heriditas 46:415–421

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaul MLH, Nirmala C (1993) Male sterility in Pea II. Male sex specific desynapsis. Cytologia 58:67–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kay D (1979) Crop and product digest no. 3-food legumes. Tropical products Institute, London, pp 26–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Khalatkar AS, Bhatia CR (1975) Synergistic effect of combined treatments of gamma radiation and ethylmethane sulphonate in barley. Rad Bot 15:223–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khamankar YG (1984) Differential sensitivity to tomato genes to chemical and physical mutagens. Indian J Genet Plant Breed 44:80–83

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korniche M (1901) Uber ortsveranderrung von Zellkarnern. S.B. Niedernhein, Ges. Natur-und Heilkunde Boun. pp 14–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Koul KK (1990) cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir. Cytologia 55:169–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Dubey DK (1998a) Effect of separate and simultaneous application of gamma rays and EMS on germination, growth, fertility and yield in cultivars Nirmal and LSD-3 of khesari (Lathyrus sativus L.). J Phytol Res 11:165–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Dubey DK (1998b) Mutagenic efficiency and effectiveness of separate and combined treatments with gamma rays, EMS and DES in khesari (Lathyrus sativus L.). J Indian Bot Soc 77:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar G, Sharma V (2002) Induced cytomixis in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Nucleus 45:24–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar G, Sinha SSN (1991) Genotoxic effects of two pesticides (roger and Bavistin) and antibiotic (Streptomycin) in meiotic cells of grasspea (Lathyrus sativus). Cytologia 56:209–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ladizinsky G (1975) On the origin of the broad bean Vicia faba L. Israel J Bot 24:80–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Maheswari P (1950) An introduction to the embryology of Angiosperms. McGraw-Hill Book Co.Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Mc Clintock B (1929) A cytological and genetical study of triploid maize. Genetics 14:18–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitra PK, Bhowmik G (1999) Studies in the frequency and segregation of induced chlorophyll mutations in Nigella sativa L. Adv Plant Sci 12:125–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Nirmala C, Kaul M (1994) Male sterility in pea IV. Cytologia 59:195–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oram PA, Agacoili M (1994) Current status and future trends in supply and demand of cool season food legumes. In: Muehlbauer FJ, Kaiser WJ (eds) Expanding the production and use of cool season food legumes. Kluwer academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 3–49

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pantulu JV, Manga V (1972) Cytogenetics of 16 chromosome plants in pearl millet. Cytologia 37:389–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parveen S, Anis M, Bhat TA, Khan AH (2006) Efficiency and effectiveness of physical and chemical mutagens in M2 generation of Trigonella foenum-graceum L. J Cytol Genet 7:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Picard JJA, Bond DA, Monti L, Steuckardt R (1988) Production of pea. Faba bean and chickpea in Europe. P. In: Summerfield RJ (ed) world crops: Cool season food legumes. kluwer Academic publishers, Dordrecht, pp 1065–1080

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pushpalatha KN, Reddy VRK, Indra M, Nalini R (1992) Mutagenic effects of gamma rays, chemical mutagens and combined treatments in triticale. Adv Plant Sci 5:147–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Reddy VRK, Annadurai M (1992) Cytological effects of different mutagens in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Cytologia 57:213–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy VRK, Indra M, Revathi R (1992) Meiotic abnormalities in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Cytologia 57:213–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson LD, Singh KB, Erskine W, Ali M, El Moneim A (1996) A cytological study of the Hordeae in the Dakotas. Cytologia 31:213–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Roy SK (1989) Effects of EMS and SA on dry seeds of Lens esculenta Moench. Proc. Natl. Symp. On Recent Advances in Plant cell Research, June 7–8, Trivandrum:41–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarvella P (1958) Cytomixis and the of chromosome in meiotic and somatic cells of Gossypium. Cytologia 23:14–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seijo G (1996) spontaneous cytomixis in the microsporogenesis of sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus L.) (Leguminosae). Cytologia 61:189–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen O, Bhattacharya S (1988) Cytomixis in Vigna Glaberscens Wild. Cytologia 53:437–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma B (1986) Increasing the efficiency of mutagenesis for micromutations by early generation selection. Indian J Genet 46:88–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma V, Kumar G, Kumar R (2004) Comparative mutagenicity of gamma rays and EMS in Cicer arietinum L. J Cytol Genet 5:21–26

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh AK (2003) Effect of doses of gamma rays and EMS on germination and plant survival in mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek). Int J Mendel 20:99–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh D, Singh RM, Singh J (1989) Investigations on induced macromutants in lentil/Lens culinaris Medik). Z. Pjlanzenzucht 83

    Google Scholar 

  • Sinha ARP (1988) Morphological and cytological changes induced in Lindenbergia indica following treatments. Genet Polonica 29:335–339

    Google Scholar 

  • Sparrow AH, Evans HJ (1961) Nuclear factors affecting radio sensitivity. The influence of Nuclear size and structure chromosome complement and DNA content. Brookhaven Symp Biol 12:76–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Thakur V (1978) Chromosomal and Nuclear transmigration during microsporogenesis in natural populations of some plant species. In: Dnyansagar VR et al (eds) Recent trends and contacts between cytogenetics, embryology and morphology. Today and Tomarrow, publishing Co, New Delhi, pp 123–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Verma RC, Sarkar A, Das BC (1984) Cytomixis in mulberry. Curr Sci 53:1258–1260

    Google Scholar 

  • Villeux R (1985) Diploid and polyploid gametes in crop plants. In: Janick J (ed) Mechanisms of formation and utilization in plant breeding, 442. Plant Breeding rev. 3. AVI publishing Co.,: Wesport.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yen C, Yang J, Sun GL (1993) Intermeiocyte connections and cytomixis in intergeneric hybrids of Roegneria ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski with Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng. Cytologia 58:187–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeerak NA (1992) Cytogenetical effects of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. Cerasiforme). Phytomorphology 42:81–86; Koduru PKR, Rao MK (1981) Cytogenetics of synaptic mutants in higher plants. Theor Appl Genet 59:197–214

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Education, Goverment of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar, India

    Tariq Ahmad Bhat

  2. School of Life and Allied Health Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India

    Mohd Gulfishan

  3. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Aijaz Ahmad Wani

Authors
  1. Tariq Ahmad Bhat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohd Gulfishan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aijaz Ahmad Wani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tariq Ahmad Bhat .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Education, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar, India

    Tariq Ahmad Bhat

  2. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Aijaz Ahmad Wani

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer India

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bhat, T.A., Gulfishan, M., Wani, A.A. (2017). Cytomixis: Causes and Consequences as a Case Study in Vicia faba L.. In: Bhat, T., Wani, A. (eds) Chromosome Structure and Aberrations. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3673-3_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation