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Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Parkinsonism

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Omics for Personalized Medicine

Abstract

Pharmacogenetic-pharmacogenomic development from a single gene approach to incorporate pathway-based and genome-wide approaches has been benefitted from the emergence of several parallel technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics which have contributed to and enhanced significantly propensities for generation and testing of pharmacogenomic hypotheses both paralleled and followed by associated developments in the clinical practice for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD). The notion of “personalized medicine,” incorporating the customization of healthcare, with decisions and practices that suited to each individual patient through application of genetic, biomarker, gene-environment interactive, or other information, involves principles through which drugs, drug combinations, and drug administration properties are optimized for each individual’s unique genetic makeup. The personalized medication of antiparkinsonian drug therapy; the symptomatic and regional disruptions; genetic, epigenetic, and biomarkers of the disorder; and the pharmacogenomics of neuroleptic drug-induced parkinsonism provide outlets for eventual understanding and management. As a case study in personalized medicine in the laboratory, physical exercise combined with the electromagnetic wavelength treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Milmed, was demonstrated to abolish the marked hypokinesia induced by the dopamine (DA) neurotoxin, MPTP, as well as the severe loss of DA in the striatal region of the C57/BL6 mice studied. The Exercise-Milmed coadministration induced also a profound increase in brain-derived neurotrophin levels (BDNF) in the mouse parietal cortex region that included the motor cortex.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, 500, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden

    Trevor Archer

  2. Department of Neuroscience Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden

    Anders Fredriksson

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  1. Centre for Genomics & Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India

    Debmalya Barh

  2. Institute of Life Sciences, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development Centre, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

    Dipali Dhawan

  3. Policy Centre for Biomedical Research, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (Department of Biotechnology Institute, Government of India), Office @ National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India

    Nirmal Kumar Ganguly

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Archer, T., Fredriksson, A. (2013). Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Parkinsonism. In: Barh, D., Dhawan, D., Ganguly, N. (eds) Omics for Personalized Medicine. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1184-6_14

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