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Digital Product Monitoring Obligations for Smart Products

Opportunities and Risks of Digital Product Monitoring for IoT Products

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Work and AI 2030

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Abstract

Intelligent products are becoming more networked and autonomous. Product liability and safety are of central importance for such products, as new technologies bring new risks, but also new possibilities of hazard control. The article deals with the question to what extent a digital product monitoring obligation for smart products can be expected in 2030 or to what extent such an obligation can already be derived from existing regulations or regulatory trends.

“Product liability and safety play a central role for smart products.”—Dr. Volker Hartmann, VP of Legal & Governmental Affairs, Vay Technology GmbH

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Eidenmüller (2017, p. 1).

  2. 2.

    Ebers (2017, p. 94 f.).

  3. 3.

    Cf. European Commission (2020).

  4. 4.

    Ebers et al. (2020) § 3 para. 168 ff. with further references.

  5. 5.

    Cf. European Parliament (2020) and European Commission (2021); see also Theurer et al., (2021, p. 83 ff.).

  6. 6.

    Günther J-P (2016, p. 146, 147, with further references).

  7. 7.

    Habersack et al. (2017, § 2 ProdHaftG para. 17 ff.); Reusch and Weidner (2018, p. 29).

  8. 8.

    Habersack et al. (2017, § 823 BGB para. 837).

  9. 9.

    Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 299).

  10. 10.

    Polly (2020, p. 77 ff.); on the GPSG at the time: Helmig (2005, 142, 143).

  11. 11.

    Habersack et al. (2017, § 823 BGB Rn. 1008 ff.); Theurer et al., (2021, p. 83, 86); Raue (2017, p. 1841); Hartmann (2015, p. 122, 124 ff.); idem (2021, p. 47, 50).

  12. 12.

    Cf. § 2 para. 2 BSIG; Klindt and Bräutigam (2015, p. 85 f.).

  13. 13.

    Cf. Handelsblatt (2015).

  14. 14.

    BGHZ 80, 186; BGHZ 80, 199.

  15. 15.

    Hartmann (2017, p. 2, 8); likewise: Martin and Uhl (2020, p. 7, 10 f.); Ebers et al., (2020, § 5 Rn. 22 with further references).

  16. 16.

    At least insofar as securing against external interventions is objectively necessary and reasonable for the manufacturer.

  17. 17.

    Ebers et al., (2020, § 5, Rn. 2 with further references).

  18. 18.

    Hilgendorf (2018, p. 85, 93); Hartmann (2017, 2, 7 with further references); differently or relativizing, however, Ebers et al., (2020, § 5 Rn. 24).

  19. 19.

    Lukas (2021, p. 123, 126); Hartmann (2017, p. 2, 8); Rempe (2016, p. 17 ff.).

  20. 20.

    BGHZ 179, 157 (“care beds”); Habersack et al. (2017, § 823 BGB Rn. 838).

  21. 21.

    Ebers et al., (2020, § 5 Rn. 38 ff.).

  22. 22.

    Lüftenegger (2021, p. 294, 295.).

  23. 23.

    Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 296 f.).

  24. 24.

    Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 296.).

  25. 25.

    Ebers et al., (2020, § 5 Rn. 39, 41); Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 294.).

  26. 26.

    Rockstroh and Kunkel (2017, p. 77, 81); May and Gaden (2018, p. 110, 112).

  27. 27.

    Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 298).

  28. 28.

    Ebers et al., (2020, § 5 Rn. 41); Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 298 ff.).

  29. 29.

    On this, see ECJ NJW (2015, p. 1163 Rn. 53); Schrader (2018, p. 314, 317).

  30. 30.

    Regulation 2018/858/EU.

  31. 31.

    See Art. 57 (1), (2), 34 (1), 35 (1), 58 (1) and Annex II of Regulation 2018/858/EU; the UNECE rules are based on the UN agreements on vehicle regulation of 1958 and 1998, to which the EU is a party; see Gaupp (2019, p. 163).

  32. 32.

    Theurer et al., (2021, p. 83, 85).

  33. 33.

    United Nations Economic Council for Europe (2021).

  34. 34.

    Theurer et al., (2021, p. 83 ff.).

  35. 35.

    European Telecommunications Standards Institute (2020).

  36. 36.

    Theurer et al., (2021, p. 83, 84).

  37. 37.

    Hartmann (2015, p. 122, 126); Lüftenegger (2021, p. 293, 300).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. VP of Legal & Governmental Affairs, Vay Technology GmbH, Berlin, Germany

    Volker Hartmann

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  1. Volker Hartmann
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Correspondence to Volker Hartmann .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CMS Germany, Köln, Germany

    Inka Knappertsbusch

  2. Zukunftsforscher Kai Gondlach, Leipzig, Germany

    Kai Gondlach

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Hartmann, V. (2023). Digital Product Monitoring Obligations for Smart Products. In: Knappertsbusch, I., Gondlach, K. (eds) Work and AI 2030. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40232-7_7

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