Investments in Medical Institutions

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Investment in China's Health and Care Sector
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Abstract

The regulations for foreign investment in medical institutions in China differ depending upon the sector, location and form of participation in the investment project.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    《鼓励外商投资产业目录(2019年版)》(国家发展和改革委员会、商务部令[2019]27号, 自2019年7月30日起实施).

    Catalogue of Industries for Encouraging Foreign Investment (2019 Version) (Order No. 27 [2019] of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce).

  2. 2.

    《指导外商投资方向规定》(国务院令[2002]346号), 第四条.

    Provisions Guiding Foreign Investment Direction (Order No. 346 [2002] of the State Council), Article 4.

  3. 3.

    《鼓励外商投资产业目录(2019年版)》(国家发展和改革委员会、商务部令[2019]27号), 《全国鼓励外商投资产业目录》, 第十二款.

    Catalogue of Industries for Encouraging Foreign Investment (2019 Version) (Order No. 27 [2019] of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce), Catalogue of Industries for Encouraging Foreign Investment Nationwide, Paragraph XII.

  4. 4.

    Including the municipality of Chongqing, the provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Gansu, Qinghai, Hainan and the autonomous regions of Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Ningxia, **njiang, Guangxi.

  5. 5.

    《鼓励外商投资产业目录(2019年版)》(国家发展和改革委员会、商务部令[2019]27号), 《中西部地区外商投资优势产业目录》.

    Catalogue of Industries for Encouraging Foreign Investment (2019 Version) (Order No. 27 [2019] of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce), Catalogue of Priority Industries for Foreign Investment in Central and Western China.

  6. 6.

    《指导外商投资方向规定》(国务院令[2002]346号), 第十一条.

    Provisions on Guiding the Orientation of Foreign Investment (Order No. 346 [2002] of the State Council), Article 11.

  7. 7.

    《医疗机构管理条例》(国务院[1994]149号, 自1994年9月1日起实施, 2016年2月6日国务院令第666号修改施行), 第二条.

    Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 149 [1994] of the State Council, effective from 1 September 1994, revised on 02 June 2016), Article 2.

  8. 8.

    Cf.《医疗机构基本标准(试行)》(卫医发[1994]30号), 第一部分《医院基本标准》.

    Basic Standards for Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation) (Ministry of Health [2011] Order No. 30), Part 1 “Basic standards for hospitals”.

  9. 9.

    《医院评审暂行办法》(卫医管发[2011]75号, 自2011年9月21日起施行), 第二十一条第一款.

    Interim Measures for Reviewing Hospitals (Ministry of Health [2011] Order No. 75, effective from 21 September 2011), Article 21(1).

  10. 10.

    《医院评审暂行办法》(卫医管发[2011]75号), 第三十五条第一款.

    Interim Measures for Reviewing Hospitals (Ministry of Health [2011] Order No. 75), Article 35(1).

  11. 11.

    《医院评审暂行办法》(卫医管发[2011]75号), 第三十五条第二款.

    Interim Measures for Reviewing Hospitals (Ministry of Health [2011] Order No. 75), Article 35(2).

  12. 12.

    《医疗机构基本标准(试行)》(卫医发[1994]30号), 第一部分《医院基本标准》下《疗养院》.

    Basic Standards for Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation) (Ministry of Health [2011] No. 30), Part 1. “Basic Standard for Hospitals”, “Sanitarium”.

  13. 13.

    《医疗机构基本标准(试行)》(卫医发[1994]30号), 第四部分《门诊部》, cf.第五部分关于诊所的规定(至少1名医生).

    Basic Standards for Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation) (Ministry of Health [2011] No. 30), Part 4 “Sanitary department”, cf. Part 5 regarding the provision on medical practices (at least one doctor).

  14. 14.

    《指导外商投资方向规定》(国务院令[2002]346号), 第二条.

    Provisions Guiding Foreign Investment Direction (Order No. 346 [2002] of the State Council), Article 2.

  15. 15.

    《关于外商投资企业境内投资的暂行规定》(对外贸易经济合作部、国家工商行政管理局令〔2000〕6号, 自2000年9月1日起施行), 第九、第十条.

    Interim Provisions on Investment Made by Foreign-Invested Enterprises in China (Decree No. 6 [2000] of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, effective from 1 September 2000), Article 9 and Article 10.

  16. 16.

    《关于外商投资企业境内投资的暂行规定》(对外贸易经济合作部、国家工商行政管理局令〔2000〕6号), 第七条.

    Interim Provisions on Investment Made by Foreign-Invested Enterprises in China (Decree No .6 [2000] of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce), Article 7.

  17. 17.

    凤凰医疗《招股书》(中文或英文版), 第116页.

    Phoenix Healthcare Group Co. Ltd., Global Offering, p. 116 follow ? http://www.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/sehk/2013/1118/LTN20131118007.pdf (Accessed 31 July 2018)

  18. 18.

    凤凰医疗《招股书》(中文或英文版), 第118页.

    Phoenix Healthcare Group Co. Ltd., Global Offering, p. 118.

  19. 19.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第八条第三款.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-foreign Equity Joint and Cooperative Joint Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 8(3).

  20. 20.

    凤凰医疗《招股书》(中文或英文版), 第144页.

    Prospectus of Phoenix Medical, chinesische or englische Version, p. 144.

  21. 21.

    凤凰医疗《招股书》(中文版), 第157页《燕化IOT协议》.

    Prospectus of Phoenix Medical, Chinese Version, “Yanhua IOT Contract”, p.157.

  22. 22.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第七条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 7.

  23. 23.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第七条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 6.

  24. 24.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第八条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 8.

  25. 25.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十九条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation [2000] Order No. 11), Article 19.

  26. 26.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第八条第五款、第十四条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 8(5) and Article 14.

  27. 27.

    《四川省卫生和计划生育委员会、四川省商务厅关于修订〈四川省中外合资、合作医疗机构管理办法〉有关条款的通知》(川卫办发〔2015〕第19号).

    Notice from the Sichuan Health and Family Planning Commission and the Sichuan Department of Commerce on the Administrative Measures for Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 19 [2015] of the Sichuan Health and Family Planning Commission and Sichuan Department of Commerce).

  28. 28.

    《四川省中外合资合作医疗机构管理办法》(川卫办发〔2012〕146号), 第八条第三款.

    Notice from the Sichuan Health and Family Planning Commission and the Sichuan Department of Commerce on the Administrative Measures for Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 146 [2012] of the Sichuan Health and Family Planning Commission and the Sichuan Department of Commerce), Article 8(3).

  29. 29.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第九条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 9.

  30. 30.

    《国家工商行政管理总局关于严格落实先照后证改革严格执行工商登记前置审批事项的通知》(工商企注字〔2015〕65号), 第二条; 《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2016〕51号), 第三条; 《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2017〕81号), 第五条.

    Notice of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on Strictly Implementing the Pre-examination and Post-certification Reform and Strictly Implementing the Pre-approval Items for Business Registration (Order No. 65 [2015] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce), Article 2; Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 51 [2016] of the President), Article 3; Sino-Foreign Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 81 [2017] of the President), Article 5.

  31. 31.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 10.

  32. 32.

    Shanghai Municipal Health Inspectorate, Application Guide, Footnote 1, http://hs.sh.cn/newwjs/xkxmNewPage-xkzwhzyljg.shtml?from=zw&click=bszn&zkey=xkyljg#

  33. 33.

    Shanghai Municipal Health Inspectorate, Application Guide, http://hs.sh.cn/newwjs/xkxmNewPage-xkzwhzyljg.shtml?from=zw&click=bszn&zkey=xkyljg#

  34. 34.

    《卫生部关于调整中外合资合作医疗机构审批权限的通知》(卫医政发〔2011〕7号), 第一条, 自2011年1月25日施行.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health on Adjusting the Examination and Approval Authority of Sino-Foreign Equity or Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 7 [2011] of the Ministry of Health), Article 1, entered into force on 25 January 2011.

  35. 35.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十二条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 12.

  36. 36.

    《医疗机构管理条例实施细则》(卫生部令〔1994〕35号, 自1994年9月1日起实施), 第二十二条.

    Detailed Implementing Rules for the Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 35 [1994] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 1 April 2017), Article 22.

  37. 37.

    《北京市医疗机构许可管理办法》(京卫医政字〔2014〕 第100号, 自2014年9月1日起实施), 第十一条.

    Administrative Measures for the Licensing of Medical Institutions in the Bei**g Municipality, (Order No. 100 [2014] of the Bei**g Municipal Bureau of Health, effective from 1 September 2014), Article 11.

  38. 38.

    《企业名称登记管理实施办法》(国家工商行政管理总局令〔2004〕10号), 第五条.

    Measures for Implementing the Administration of Enterprise Name Registration (Order No.10 [2004] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce), Article 5.

  39. 39.

    Including Harbin, Changchun, Shenyang, **an, Nan**g, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu, and **’an.

  40. 40.

    Including Dalian, Qingdao, Ningbo, **amen and Shenzhen.

  41. 41.

    《商务部关于省级商务主管部门和国家级经济技术开发区审核管理部分服务业外商投资企业相关事项的通知》(商资函〔2009〕6号, 自2009年5月4日起实施), 第一条第一款; 《商务部关于下放外商投资审批权限有关问题的通知》(商资发〔2010〕209号, 自2010年6月10日起实施), 第一条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Commerce on Issues Regarding the Examination and Administration of Foreign-invested Enterprises in Some Service Industries by Provincial-level Commerce Authorities and China National Economic and Technical Development Zones, (Letter No. 6 [2009] of the Ministry of Commerce, effective from 4 May 2009), Article 1(1); Notice of the Ministry of Commerce on Issues Related to Delegating Powers on Examination and Approval of Foreign Investment to Authorities at Lower Levels (Order No. 209 [2010] of the Ministry of Commerce, effective from 10 June 2010), Article 1, .

  42. 42.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十三条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 13.

  43. 43.

    《卫生部关于调整中外合资合作医疗机构审批权限的通知》(卫医政发〔2011〕7号), 第二条; 《卫生部关于社会资本举办医疗机构经营性质的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕26号, 自2012年4月13日实施), 第一条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health on Adjusting the Examination and Approval Authority of Sino-Foreign Equity or Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 7 [2011] of the Ministry of Health), Article 2; Notice of the Ministry of Health on the Business Nature of Medical Institutions Established with Non-government Capital (Order No. 26 [2012] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 13 April 2012), Article 1.

  44. 44.

    《中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例》(国务院令〔2014〕648号), 第三条第二款结合第二条第四款.

    Regulations on the Administration of Enterprise Legal Person Registration of the People’s Republic of China (State Council [2014] Decree No. 648), Article 3(2) and Article 2(4).

  45. 45.

    S.O. is there still?

  46. 46.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十三条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 13.

  47. 47.

    《中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例》(国务院令〔2014〕648号), 第三条第一款.

    Regulations on the Administration of Enterprise Legal Person Registration of the People’s Republic of China (Decree No. 648 [2014] of the State Council), Article 3(1).

  48. 48.

    《民政部、卫生部关于城镇非营利性医疗机构进行民办非企业单位登记有关问题的通知》(民发〔2000〕253号, 自2000年12月5日起施行); 《民办非企业单位登记管理暂行条例》(国务院令〔1998〕第251号), 第六条; 《卫生部关于调整中外合资合作医疗机构审批权限的通知》(卫医政发〔2011〕7号, 自2011年1月25日施行), 第一条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Health on Issues Concerning the Registration of Privately-Operated Non-enterprise Units in Urban Non-profit Medical Institutions (Order No. 253 [2000] of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, effective from 5 December 2000); Interim Regulations on the Administration of the Registration of Privately-Operated Non-Enterprise Organisations (Decree No. 251 [1998] of the State Council), Article 6; Notice of the Ministry of Health on Adjusting the Examination and Approval Authority of Sino-Foreign Equity or Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 7 [2011] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 25 January 2011).

  49. 49.

    《民办非企业单位登记管理暂行条例》(国务院令〔1998〕第251号), 第十二条.

    Interim Regulations on the Administration of the Registration of Privately-Operated Non-Enterprise Organisations (Decree No. 251 [2000] of the State Council), Article 12.

  50. 50.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕第11号), 第十五条; 《医疗机构管理条例》(国务院令[1994]149号, 自1994年9月1日起施行, 2016年6月2日修改), 第十五条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 15; Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 149 [2011] of the State Council, effective from 1 September 1994, revised on 2 June 2016), Article 15.

  51. 51.

    《医疗机构管理条例》(国务院令[1994]149号, 自1994年9月1日起施行, 2016年6月2日修改), 第十六条.

    Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 149 [1994] of the State Council, effective from 1 September 1994, revised on 2 June 2016), Article 16.

  52. 52.

    《卫生部关于下发〈医疗机构基本标准(试行)〉的通知》(卫医发[1994]30号, 自1994年9月2日起实施).

    Notice of the Ministry of Health on the “Basic Standards for Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation)” (No. 30 [1994] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 2 September 1994).

  53. 53.

    Required in Shanghai and Foshan (Guangdong)

    http://hs.sh.cn/newwjs/xkxmNewPage-yljgsqzysp.shtml?from=zw&click=bszn&zkey=xkyljg and http://wssp.fsxzfw.gov.cn/lawguide/FS21A280-01.jspx

  54. 54.

    《医疗机构管理条例》(国务院令[1994]149号, 自1994年9月1日起施行, 2016年6月2日修改), 第十九条.Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 149 [1994] of the State Council, effective from 1 September 1994, revised on 2 June 2016), Article 19.

  55. 55.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第三十四条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 34.

  56. 56.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》(自2003年9月29日签署并生效), 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 第二条第一款.

    Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (hereinafter “CEPA”, effective from 29 September 2003), Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2(1).

  57. 57.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 第二条第二款第(二)项、第四条.

    CEPA, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.2.2 and Article 4.

  58. 58.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(一)项.

    CEPA, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.3 and Article 3.1.1.

  59. 59.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(二)项(1)和(2).

    CEPA, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.3, Article 3.1.2.(1) and Article 3.1.2.(2).

  60. 60.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(二)项(3).

    CEPA, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.3 and Article 3.1.2.(3).

  61. 61.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者”定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(二)项(4)和(5).

    CEPA, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.3, Article 3.1.2.(4) and Article 3.1.2.(5).

  62. 62.

    Cf.《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于〈服务提供者〉定义及相关规定》, 2003年10月17日签署并生效.

    Mainland and Macao Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.1, effective from 17 October 2003.

  63. 63.

    Cf.《海峡两岸经济合作架构协议》(2010年9月11日换文, 次日起实施), 附件五《适用于服务贸易早期收获部门开放措施的服务提供者定义》.

    Cf. Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (effective from 12 September 2010), Annex: Definitions of Service Suppliers Applicable to Sectors and Liberalisation Measures under the Early Harvest for Trade in Services.

  64. 64.

    《内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》附件5《关于“服务提供者”定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(二)项(2)(注脚2); 《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》, 附件5《关于“服务提供者”定义及相关规定》, 第二条第三款、第三条第一款第(二)项(注脚2).

    Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 3.1.2.(2) (Footnote 2); Mainland and Macao Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement, Annex 5: Definition of “Service Supplier” and Related Requirements, Article 2.3 and Article 3.1.2.(2) (Footnote 2).

  65. 65.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号, 自2013年1月1日起施行), 第一、第二条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce, effective from 1 January 2013), Article 1 and Article 2.

  66. 66.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第三条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 3.

  67. 67.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 二.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Providers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 2.

  68. 68.

    《卫生部、商务部关于扩大香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立独资医院地域范围的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕19号, 自2012年3月21日起施行).

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce on Expanding the Scope of Regions Where Service Suppliers from Hong Kong and Macao May Establish Wholly-owned Hospitals in the Mainland (Order No. 19 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Commerce, effective from 1 April 2012).

  69. 69.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第三十四条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 34.

  70. 70.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会、商务部关于开展设立外资独资医院试点工作的通知》(国卫医函〔2014〕244号, 自2014年7月25日起施行); 《海峡两岸服务贸易协议》(自2013年6月21日起施行).

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on the Pilot Scheme of Establishing Wholly-Foreign owned Hospitals, (Letter No. 244 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce, effective from 25 July 2014); Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement (effective from 21 June 2013), Annex 1: Specific Commitment Table of Service Trade, Sector 8.

  71. 71.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号, 自2013年11月13日起施行), 第七条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government, effective from 13 November 2013), Article 7.

  72. 72.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第八条第二、第三项.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 8(2) and Article 8(3).

  73. 73.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第十六条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 16.

  74. 74.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商投资准入特别管理措施(负面清单)(2014年)》(上海市人民政府公告2014年〔2014〕1号, 自2014年6月30日施行), 第Q83领域, 序号131.

    Special Management Measures for the Market Entry of Foreign Investment in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Negative List) (2014 Revision) (Announcement No. 1 [2014] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government, effective from 1 June 2014), Category Q83, No. 131.

  75. 75.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第八条第一项.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 8(1).

  76. 76.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商投资准入特别管理措施(负面清单)(2014年)》(上海市人民政府公告2014年〔2014〕1号), 第Q83领域, 序号131.

    Special Management Measures for the Market Entry of Foreign Investment in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Negative List) (2014 Revision) (Announcement No. 1 [2014] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Category Q83, No. 131.

  77. 77.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第二条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 2.

  78. 78.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第九条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 9.

  79. 79.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第九条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 9.

  80. 80.

    《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第三十一条.

    Interim Management Measures for Foreign Investment in Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 31.

  81. 81.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会、商务部关于开展设立外资独资医院试点工作的通知》(国卫医函〔2014〕244号), 第一条.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on the Pilot Scheme of Establishing Wholly Foreign-owned Hospitals (Order No. 244 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 1.

  82. 82.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会、商务部关于开展设立外资独资医院试点工作的通知》(国卫医函〔2014〕244号), 第一条.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on the Pilot Scheme of Establishing Wholly Foreign-owned Hospital, Article 1.

  83. 83.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会、商务部关于开展设立外资独资医院试点工作的通知》(国卫医函〔2014〕244号), 第二条第三款.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on Carrying out the Pilot Program of Setting up Wholly Foreign-Owned Hospitals, Article 2(3).

  84. 84.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会、商务部关于开展设立外资独资医院试点工作的通知》(国卫医函〔2014〕244号), 第 三条第一款.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on the Pilot Scheme of Establishing Wholly Foreign-owned Hospitals (Order No. 244 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 3(1).

  85. 85.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号, 自2013年1月1日起施行), 第一、第二条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 1 and Article 2.

  86. 86.

    《海峡两岸经济合作架构协议》, 附件一《服务贸易特定承诺表》, 《大陸方面非金融服務部門的開放承諾》, 8A《医院服务》.

    Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement, Annex 1: Table of commitments from Mainland China, Obligation on the part of the PRC to open up to non-financial services, 8A “hospital services”.

  87. 87.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第二条; 《台湾服务提供者在大陆设立独资医院管理暂行办法》(卫医政发〔2010〕110号), 第二条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 2, Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Taiwan Service Suppliers (Order No. 110 [2010] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 2.

  88. 88.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第二条; 《卫生部、商务部关于扩大香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立独资医院地域范围的通知》, (卫医政发〔2012〕19号).

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 2; Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce on Expanding the Scope of Regions Where Service Suppliers from Hong Kong and Macao May Establish Wholly-owned Hospitals in the Mainland (Order No. 19 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Commerce).

  89. 89.

    《国家卫生计生委关于调整港澳台服务提供者在内地设置独资医院审批权限的通知》(国卫医发〔2013〕37号, 自2013年12月12日起施行), 第四条: “按:照… … 等有关规定执行”.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Adjusting the Examination and Approval Power for Establishment of Wholly-Owned Hospitals in the Mainland by Service Suppliers from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan (Order No. 37 [2013] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, effective from 12 December 2013), Article 4, “According to the ordinance ...”.

  90. 90.

    《关于加快发展社会办医的若干意见》(国卫体改发〔2013〕54号), 第三款第(一)项“放宽举办主体要求”.

    Comments for Promoting the Accelerated Development of Private Medical Institutions (Order No. 54 (2013) of the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the State Administration for Traditional Chinese Medicine), Article 3 (1): Easing of the installation requirements.

  91. 91.

    《卫生部商务部关于印发〈台湾服务提供者在大陆设立独资医院管理暂行办法〉的通知》(卫医政发〔2010〕110号), 〔对地域的限制规定在卫生部下达这一暂行办法的通知当中, 而非暂行办法内〕.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Taiwan Service Suppliers (Order No. 110 [2010] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), No. 110 (the rule restricting the regions is contained in the Communication, not in the interim measure).

  92. 92.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第九条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 9.

  93. 93.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第九条、第十一条第七项;

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 9 and Article 11(7).

  94. 94.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第九条; cf.《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第七条第三项.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 9; Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 7(3).

  95. 95.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第九条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 9.

  96. 96.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十条第二项、第三项.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 10(2) and Article 10(3).

  97. 97.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十条第四项, 结合第三十六条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 10(4), cf. Article 36.

  98. 98.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十二条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 12.

  99. 99.

    《国家卫生计生委关于调整港澳台服务提供者在内地设置独资医院审批权限的通知》(国卫医发〔2013〕37号), 第一条.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Adjusting the Examination and Approval Power for Establishment of Wholly-Owned Hospitals in the Mainland by Service Suppliers from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan (Order No. 37 [2013] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 1.

  100. 100.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十四条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 14.

  101. 101.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号)第十五条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 15.

  102. 102.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十六条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 16.

  103. 103.

    《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十七条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 17.

  104. 104.

    《关于印发〈香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立独资医院管理暂行办法〉的通知》(卫医政发〔2010〕109号), 〔需要注意的是, 此规定在卫生部下达这一暂行办法的通知当中, 而非暂行办法内〕; 《关于印发〈台湾服务提供者在大陆设立独资医院管理暂行办法〉的通知》, 卫医政发〔2010〕110号, [对地域的限制规定在卫生部下达这一暂行办法的通知当中, 而非暂行办法内].

    Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce); Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Taiwan Service Suppliers (Order No. 110 [2010] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce) (the rule restricting the regions is contained in the Notice, not in the Interim Measure).

  105. 105.

    《中华人民共和国执业医师法》(中华人民共和国**令〔1998〕5号), 第十二条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Medical Practitioners (Order No. 5 [1998] of the President of the People’s Republic of China), Article 12.

  106. 106.

    《中华人民共和国执业医师法》(中华人民共和国**令〔1998〕5号), 第十四条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Medical Practitioners (Order No. 5 [1998] of the President of the People’s Republic of China), Article 14.

  107. 107.

    《中华人民共和国执业医师法》(中华人民共和国**令〔1998〕5号), 第十三条、第十四条第二句.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Medical Practitioners (Order No. 5 [1998] of the President of the People’s Republic of China), Article 13, Article 14 (2).

  108. 108.

    《卫生部关于医师多点执业有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2009〕86号, 此通知自2009年9月11日起施行), 第二条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health on Issues Regarding Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites (Notice No. 86 [2009] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 11 September 2009), Article 2.

  109. 109.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会等关于印发推进和规范医师多点执业的若干意见的通知》(国卫医发〔2014〕86号, 自2014年11月5日起施行), 第二款第(一)项.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission etc. on Printing and Distributing Several Opinions on the Advancement and Standardisation of Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites (Order No. 86 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, effective from 5 November 2014), Article 2(1).

  110. 110.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会等关于印发推进和规范医师多点执业的若干意见的通知》(国卫医发〔2014〕86号), 第三条第二款第四句.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission etc. on Printing and Distributing Several Opinions on the Advancement and Standardisation of Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites (Order No. 86 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3(2), sentence 4.

  111. 111.

    《北京市医师多点执业管理办法》(京卫医政字〔2014〕99号, 自2014年8月1日起施行), 第十五条.

    Measures for the Administration of Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites in the Bei**g Municipality (Order No. 99 [2014] of the Bei**g Health and Family Planning Commission, effective from 1 August 2014), Article 15.

  112. 112.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会等关于印发推进和规范医师多点执业的若干意见的通知》(国卫医发〔2014〕86号), 第三款第(一)项.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission etc. on Printing and Distributing Several Opinions on the Advancement and Standardisation of Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites (Order No. 86 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3(1).

  113. 113.

    《国家卫生和计划生育委员会等关于印发推进和规范医师多点执业的若干意见的通知》(国卫医发〔2014〕86号), 第三款第(一)项.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission etc. on Printing and Distributing Several Opinions on the Advancement and Standardisation of Medical Practitioners’ Medical Practice at Multiple Sites (Order No. 86 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3(1).

  114. 114.

    《外国人在**就业管理规定》(劳部发〔1996〕29号, 自1996年5月1日起施行), 第五、第十二、第十三条.

    Provisions on the Administration of Employment of Foreigners in China (Order No. 29 [1996] of the Ministry of Labour, revised in 2017), Article 5, Article 12 and Article 13.

  115. 115.

    《外国人在**就业管理规定》, 第八、第十六条.

    Provisions on the Administration of Employment of Foreigners in China (Order No. 29 [1996] of the Ministry of Labour), Article 8 and Article 16.

  116. 116.

    《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》(劳部发〔1996〕29号, 自1996年5月1日起施行), 第二十九、第三十条.

    Exit and Entry Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 57 [2012] of the President, effective from 1 July 2013), Article 29 and Article 30.

  117. 117.

    《外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法》(卫生部〔1992〕24号, 2016年修订, 自1993年1月1日起施行), 第三、第十七、第七条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China (Order No. 24 [1992] of the Ministry of Health, revised in 2016, effective from 1 January 1993), Article 3, Article 17 and Article 7.

  118. 118.

    《国家卫生计生委关于修改〈外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法〉等8件部门规章的决定》(国家卫生和计划生育委员会令〔2016〕8号, 自2016年1月19日施行), 第一款第(二)项.

    Decision of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Revising the “Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China” and Eight Other Pieces of Departmental Rules (Order No. 8 [2016] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, effective from 19 January 2016), Article 1(2).

  119. 119.

    《外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法》(卫生部〔1992〕24号), 第四、第五、第六条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China (Order No. 24 [1992] of the Ministry of Health, revised in 2016, effective from 1 January 1993), Article 4, Article 5 and Article 6.

  120. 120.

    《外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法》(卫生部〔1992〕24号), 第三条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China (Order No. 24 [1992] of the Ministry of Health, revised in 2016, effective from 1 January 1993).

  121. 121.

    《外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法》(卫生部〔1992〕24号), 第十一条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China (Order No. 24 [1992] of the Ministry of Health, revised in 2016, effective from 1 January 1993), Article 11.

  122. 122.

    《外国医师来华短期行医暂行管理办法》(卫生部〔1992〕24号), 第十二条.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Foreign Doctors’ Temporary Practice of Medicine in China (Order No. 24 [1992] of the Ministry of Health, revised in 2016, effective from 1 January 1993), Article 12.

  123. 123.

    《香港、澳门特别行政区医师在内地短期行医管理规定》(卫生部〔2008〕62号, 自2009年3月1日起施行), 第二条、第六条第二项、第九条; 《台湾地区医师在大陆短期行医管理规定》(卫生部〔2009〕63号, 自2009年3月1日起施行), 第二条、第六条第二项、第九条.

    Provisions on the Administration of the Short-term Medical Services Practice in the Mainland by Medical Practitioners from the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Regions (Order No. 62 [2008] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 1 March 2009), Article 2, Article 6(2) and Article 9; Provisions on Administration of Temporary Medical Practice in the Mainland conducted by Medical Practitioners from the Taiwan Region (Order No. 63 [2009] of the Ministry of Health, effective from 1 March 2009), Article 2, Article 6(2) and Article 9.

  124. 124.

    《护士条例》(国务院令〔2008〕517号, 自2008年5月12日起施行), 第七条.

    Regulations on Nurses (Decree No. 517 [2008] of the State Council, effective from 12 May 2008), Article 7.

  125. 125.

    《护士条例》(国务院令〔2008〕517号), 第七条第三款.

    Regulations on Nurses (Decree No. 517 [2008] of the State Council), Article 7(3).

  126. 126.

    《护士条例》(国务院令〔2008〕517号), 第八条.

    Regulations on Nurses (Decree No. 517 [2008] of the State Council), Article 8.

  127. 127.

    《医疗器械监督管理条例》(国务院令[2017]680号, 自2017年5月4日起施行), 第、第四十二条.

    Regulation on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices (Order No. 680 [2017] of the State Council, effective from 4 May 2017), Article 40 and Article 42.

  128. 128.

    《卫生部关于下发〈医疗机构基本标准(试行)〉的通知》(卫医发[1994]30号), **文第一句.

    Notice of the Ministry of Health on Issuing the “Basic Standards for Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation)” (Order No. 30 [1994] of the Ministry of Health), Main text sentence 1.

  129. 129.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号, 自2018年05月22日起施行), 第九条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission, effective from 22 May 2018), Article 9.

  130. 130.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第二条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 2.

  131. 131.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第九条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 9.

  132. 132.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第十九条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 19.

  133. 133.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第三十五条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 35.

  134. 134.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》, (国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第二十条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 20.

  135. 135.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第二十一条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 21.

  136. 136.

    《关于印发甲类大型医用设备配置许可管理实施细则的通知》(国卫规划发[2018]14号), 2018年5月30日, 第十二条.

    Notice on the Printing and Distribution of Detailed Rules of Implementation on the Permit for Utilisation of Group A Large-scale Medical Devices (Order No. 29 [2018] of the National Health Commission, effective from 30 May 2018), Article 12.

  137. 137.

    《国务院关于在上海市浦东新区暂时调整实施有关行政法规规定的决定》(国发[2018]29号, 2018年8月4日起实施).

    Decision of the State Council on Temporarily Adjusting the Implementation of the Relevant Provisions of Administrative Regulations in the Pudong New Area of the Shanghai Municipality (Order No. 29 [2018] of the State Council, effective from 4 August 2018).

  138. 138.

    《大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第三十七条.

    Administrative Measures for the Equipment and Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 12 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 37.

  139. 139.

    《国家卫生健康委员会关于发布大型医用设备配置许可管理目录(2018年)的通知》(国卫规划发[2018]5号), 自2018年3月29日起施行.

    Notice of the National Health Commission on Promulgating the Administrative Catalogue for the Permits for Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (Order No. 5 [2018] of the National Health Commission, effective from 29 March 2018).

  140. 140.

    《国家卫生健康委员会关于印发大型医用设备配置与使用管理办法(试行)的通知》(国卫规划发[2018]12号), 第三十七条.

    Notice of the National Health Commission on Promulgating the Administrative Catalogue for the Permits for Utilisation of Large-scale Medical Devices (Order No. 5 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 37.

  141. 141.

    《海关总署公告2013年第50号》, 第一款; 《海关总署公告2008年第103号》, 第一款第(四)项; 《国务院关于调整进口设备税收政策的通知》(国发[1997]37号), 第一款第(一)、第(三)项; 《海关总署关于贯彻〈国务院关于调整进口设备税收政策的通知〉的紧急通知》(署税[1997]1062号).

    Announcement No. 50 [2013] of the General Administration of Customs, Article 1; Announcement No. 103 [2008] of the General Administration of Customs, Article 1(4); Notice of the State Council on Adjusting the Taxation Policies for Imported Equipment (Order No. 37 [1997] of the State Council), Article 1(2) and Article 1(3); Urgent Notice of the General Administration of Customs on the Implementation of the “Notice of the State Council on Adjusting the Taxation Policies for Imported Equipment” (Order No. 1062 [1997] of the General Administration of Customs).

  142. 142.

    《海关总署关于进一步鼓励外商投资有关进口税收政策的通知》(署税〔1999〕791号), 第三款.

    Notice of the General Administration of Customs on Import Taxation Policies Related to Further Encouraging Foreign Investment (Order No. 791 [1999] of the General Administration of Customs), Article 3.

  143. 143.

    《海关总署公告2013年第50号》, 第一款; 《海关总署公告2008年第103号》, 第一款第(五)项; 《海关总署关于进一步鼓励外商投资有关进口税收政策的通知》(署税〔1999〕791号), 第四款、第一款第(一)项第3目; 《国务院关于调整进口设备税收政策的通知》(国发〔1997〕37号), 第一款第(二)、第(三)项.

    Announcement No. 50 [2013] of the General Administration of Customs, Article 1; Announcement No. 103 [2008] of the General Administration of Customs, Article 5; Notice of the General Administration of Customs on Import Taxation Policies Related to Further Encouraging Foreign Investment (Order No. 791 [1999] of the General Administration of Customs), Article4(1)(1)(3); Notice of the State Council on Adjusting the Taxation Policies for Imported Equipment, Article 1(2) and Article 1(3).

  144. 144.

    《财政部、海关总署、国家税务总局关于**(上海)自由贸易试验区有关进口税收政策的通知》(财关税〔2013〕75号), 第三款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation on Relevant Import Taxation Policies Applicable to the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 75 [2013] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 3.

  145. 145.

    《关于**(上海)自由贸易试验区有关进口税收政策的通知》(财关税〔2013〕75号), 第四款之后的内容.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation on Relevant Import Taxation Policies Applicable to the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 75 [2013] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 4 and after.

  146. 146.

    《中华人民共和国海关保税港区管理暂行办法》(海关总署令〔2018〕240号, 自2018年11月23日施行), 第十七条.

    Interim Measures for the General Administration of Customs over Bonded Ports of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 240 [2018] of the General Administration of Customs, effective from 23 November 2018), Decree No. 240 of the Customs Office, Article 17.

  147. 147.

    《中华人民共和国海关保税港区管理暂行办法》(海关总署令〔2018〕240号), 第八条第九款.

    Interim Measures for the General Administration of Customs Over Bonded Ports of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 240 [2018] of the General Administration of Customs, effective from 23 November 2018), Article 8(9).

  148. 148.

    Cf. 《中华人民共和国海关保税港区管理暂行办法》(海关总署令〔2018〕240号), 第八条第一至第八款.

    cf. Interim Measures for the General Administration of Customs over Bonded Ports of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 240 [2018] of the General Administration of Customs, effective from 23 November 2018), Article 8(1) to Article 8(8).

  149. 149.

    “Shanghai Artemed Hospital: Going to the Free Trade Zone Next Year to See Foreign Doctors”, article on the official Pudong District website (http://www.pudong.gov.cn/shpd/news/20180105/006005081004_bf0eb9d4-098f-4df0-9262-85b5aba69842.htm)

  150. 150.

    《医疗机构药品监督管理办法(试行)》(国食药监安〔2011〕442号), 第六条.

    Measures for Supervision and Administration of Drugs of Medical Institutions (for Trial Implementation) (Order No. 442 [2011] of the State Food and Drug Administration), Article 6.

  151. 151.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第三十四条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 34.

  152. 152.

    《医疗机构药品集中采购工作规范》(卫规财发〔2010〕64号)第三、第四条.

    Standards of Centralised Drug Procurement Work of Medical Institutions (Order No. 64 [2010] of the Ministry of Health), Article 3 and Article 4.

  153. 153.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第三十一、三十九条; 《中华人民共和国药品管理法实施条例》(国务院令〔2016〕666号, 2019年修订), 第36条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 31 and Article 39; Regulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 666 [2016] of the State Council), Article 36.

  154. 154.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第三十一条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 31.

  155. 155.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第四十八条第二款第(二)项; 《医疗机构管理条例实施细则》, 第五十九条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 48(2)(2); Regulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 666 [2016] of the State Council), Article 59.

  156. 156.

    《药品进口管理办法》(卫生部、海关总署联合令〔2012〕86号), 第十九条.

    Administrative Measures for the Import of Drugs (Order No. 86 of the Ministry of Health), Article 19.

  157. 157.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第二十五条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the PresidentArticle 25.

  158. 158.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第二十三条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 23.

  159. 159.

    《中华人民共和国药品管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕27号), 第二十四、第二十五条.

    Drug Control Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 27 [2015] of the President), Article 24 and Article 25.

  160. 160.

    《医疗技术临床应用管理办法》(国家卫生健康委员会令〔2009〕1号), 第2条.

    Measures for the Administration of the Clinical Application of Medical Technologies (Order No. 1 [2018] of the National Health Commission), Article 2.

  161. 161.

    Expired

  162. 162.

    Expired

  163. 163.

    《国家卫生计生委关于取消第三类医疗技术临床应用准入审批有关工作的通知》(国卫医发〔2015 〕71号), 第二条第二款.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the Work on the Admission and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category III Medical Technologies (Order No. 71 [2015] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 2(2)2.

  164. 164.

    Expired, but seems to be still applied (2019). There is a new version from 2018, which does not contain these provisions.

  165. 165.

    Expired, but seems to be still applied (2019). There is a new version from 2018, which does not contain these provisions.

  166. 166.

    《国家卫生计生委关于取消第三类医疗技术临床应用准入审批有关工作的通知》(国卫医发〔2015〕71号), 第一条、第四条.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the Work on the Admission and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category III Medical Technologies (Order No. 71 [2015] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 1 and Article 4.

  167. 167.

    Expired, but seems to be still applied (2019). There is a new version from 2018, which does not contain these provisions.

  168. 168.

    《国家卫生计生委关于取消第三类医疗技术临床应用准入审批有关工作的通知》(国卫医发〔2015〕71号), 附件《限制临床应用的医疗技术(2015版)》, 第三段.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the work on the Admission and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category III Medical Technologies (Order No. 71 [2015] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission)(2015) No. 71, Annex: Limited use of clinical technology in medical care (2015), para. 3.

  169. 169.

    《医疗卫生机构开展临床研究项目管理办法》(国卫医发〔2014〕80号), 第十一、十二条.

    Administrative measures on Pilot Clinical Research Projects by Medical and Health Institutions GuoWeiYiFa (2014) No. 80, Article 11, Article 12.

  170. 170.

    《医疗卫生机构开展临床研究项目管理办法》(国卫医发〔2014〕80号), 第十五条.

    Administrative measures on Pilot Clinical Research Projects by Medical and Health Institutions GuoWeiYiFa (2014) No. 80, Article 15.

  171. 171.

    《国家卫生计生委关于取消第三类医疗技术临床应用准入审批有关工作的通知》(国卫医发〔2015〕71号), 第六、第九条.

    Notice of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the Work on the Admission and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category III Medical Technologies (Order No. 71 [2015] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission)(2015) No. 71, Article 6 and Article 9.

  172. 172.

    《省卫生计生委转发国家卫生计生委关于取消第三类医疗技术临床应用准入审批有关工作通知的通知》(苏卫医政〔2015〕33号); 《浙江省卫生计生委关于取消第二类医疗技术临床应用准入审定有关工作的通知》(浙卫发〔2015〕 73号); 《山东省卫生和计划生育委员会关于做好医疗技术临床应用管理有关工作的通知》(鲁卫医字〔2015〕47号); 《•》(辽卫办发〔2016〕22号); 《•》(津卫医政〔2016〕37号); 《福建省人民政府关于取消60项**指定地方实施行政审批事项的通知》(闽政文〔2015〕489号); 《上海市卫生和计划生育委员会关于进一步做好本市医疗技术临床应用管理工作的通知》(沪卫计医政〔2016〕10号, 2016年4月27日起施行); 《北京市卫生和计划生育委员会公告2015年第1号》, 2015年12月30日发布.

    Notice of the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission on Forwarding the Notice of the Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the Work on the Admission and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category III Medical Technologies (Order No. 33 [2015] of the Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission); Notice of the Zhejiang Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission on Cancelling the Work on the Admission, Examination and Approval of the Clinical Application of Category II Medical Technologies, (Order No. 73 [2015] of the Zhejiang Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission); Notice of the Shandong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission on Properly Handling the Work on the Administration of the Clinical Application of Medical Technologies (Order No. 47 [2015] of the Shandong Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission; LiaoWeiBanFa (2016) No. 22; **-WeiYiZheng (2016) No. 37; Notice of the Fujian Provincial People’s Government on Cancelling 60 Administrative Examination and Approval Items Designated by the Central Government to Local Authorities for Implementation (Order No. 489 [2015] of the Fujian Provincial People’s Government); Notice of the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission on Further Intensifying the Work on the Administration of the Clinical Application of Medical Technologies in Shanghai (Order No. 10 [2016] of the Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, effective from 27 April 2016); Notice No. 1 [2015] of the Bei**g Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, issued on 30 December 2015.

  173. 173.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 第二条第二款.

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 2(2).

  174. 174.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 第一条.

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Regarding the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 1.

  175. 175.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 四(四).

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Regarding the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 4(4).

  176. 176.

    《医疗机构管理条例》(国务院令[1994]149号), 第三十二条.

    Regulations on the Administration of Medical Institutions (Order No. 149 [2011] of the State Council), Article 32.

  177. 177.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 三条第四款第二段.

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Regarding the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3(4), paragraph 2.

  178. 178.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 三条第二款.

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Regarding the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3, (2).

  179. 179.

    《国家卫生计生委关于推进医疗机构远程医疗服务的意见》(国卫医发〔2014〕51号), 三条第三款.

    Opinions of the National Health and Family Planning Commission Regarding the Promotion of Telemedical Services by Medical Institutions (Order No. 51 [2014] of the National Health and Family Planning Commission), Article 3(3).

  180. 180.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号, 自2000年7月10日起施行), 一条第一款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on Tax Policies Related to Medical Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(1).

  181. 181.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号, 自2000年7月10日起施行), 第二条第一款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on Tax Policies Related to Medical Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 2(1).

  182. 182.

    《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2015〕23号, 自2015年4月24日起施行), 第十五条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Tax Collection (Order No. 23 [2015] of the President, effective from 24 April 2015), Article 15.

  183. 183.

    《税务登记管理办法》(国家税务总局令〔2019〕48号, 自2019年7月24日起施行), 第七条第一款.

    Administrative Measures for Tax Registration (Order No. 48 [2019] of the State Administration of Taxation), Article 9.

  184. 184.

    《中华人民共和国发票管理办法》(国务院令〔2019〕709号, 自2019年3月2日起施行), 第十五条、第三条.

    Measures of the People’s Republic of China for the Administration of Invoices (Order No. 709 [2019] of the State Council, effective from 2 March 2019), Article 15, Article 3.

  185. 185.

    《国家工商总局等六部门关于贯彻落实〈国务院办公厅关于加快推进“三证合一”登记制度改革的意见〉的通知》(工商企注字〔2015〕121号), 第二条第一款; 《国家税务总局关于明确社会组织等纳税人使用统一社会信用代码及办理税务登记有关问题的通知》(税总函〔2016〕121号)第二条〔非企业法人〕.

    Notice of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on Matters Related to the Through Implementation of the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council and Six Other Departments on Accelerating the Registration System Reform of the “Integration of Industrial and Commercial Business Licences, Organisational Code Certificates and Tax Registration Certificates into One Certificate” (Order No. 121 [2015] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce), Article 2(1); Notice of the State Taxation Administration on Clarifying the Relevant Issues on the Use of the Uniform Social Credit Code by Social Organisations and other Taxpayers and Handling Taxation Registration (Order No. 121 [2016] of the State Taxation Administration), Article 2.

  186. 186.

    《上海市工商局等关于本市实行“三证合一、一照一码”登记制度改革的公告》〔2015〕<http://www.sgs.gov.cn/shaic/index/sanzhengheyi.html>; [北京]《北京市工商局关于本市实行“三证合一、一照一码”登记制度改革的公告》<http://wsdj.baic.gov.cn:8088/page/system/singleNumber.html>; 江苏省政府办公厅关于加快推进“三证合一、一照一码”登记制度改革的实施意见(苏政办发〔2015〕98号); 《广东省人民政府办公厅转发国务院办公厅关于加快推进“三证合一”登记制度改革意见的通知》(粤府办〔2015〕51号).

    Announcement of the Shanghai Municipal Bureau for Industry and Commerce on Adopting the “Three in One Certificate” and “One License with One Code” Registration System Reform in Shanghai [2015]; Announcement of the Bei**g Municipal Bureau for Industry and Commerce on Adopting the “Three in One Certificate” and “One License with One Code” Registration System Reform in Bei**g [2015]; Opinions of the General Office of the Jiangsu Provincial Government on Accelerating the Application of the “Three in One Certificate” and “One License with One Code” Registration System Reform (Order No. 98 [2015] of the Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government); Notice of the General Office of the Guangdong People’s Government on Forwarding the Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the “Three in One Certificate” Registration System Reform (Order No. 51 [2015] of the Guangdong Provincial People’s Government).

  187. 187.

    《中外合资、合作医疗机构管理暂行办法》(卫生部、对外贸易经济合作部令〔2000〕11号), 第十七条; 《**(上海)自由贸易试验区外商独资医疗机构管理暂行办法》(沪府办发〔2013〕63号), 第八条第一款; 《关于香港和澳门服务提供者在内地设立医疗机构有关问题的通知》(卫医政发〔2012〕72号), 第十条第一款; 《台湾服务提供者在大陆设立独资医院管理暂行办法》(卫医政发〔2010〕110号), 第十条第一款.

    Interim Measures for the Administration of Sino-Foreign Equity/Cooperative Joint Venture Medical Institutions (Order No. 11 [2000] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation), Article 17; Interim Measures for the Administration of Wholly Foreign-Owned Medical Institutions in the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Order No. 63 [2013] of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government), Article 8(1); Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Hong Kong and Macao Service Suppliers (Order No. 72 [2012] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 2, Notice of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce Concerning Issues in Establishing Medical Institutions in the Mainland by Taiwan Service Suppliers (Order No. 110 [2010] of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Commerce), Article 10(1).

  188. 188.

    Please look at the commentar.

  189. 189.

    《陕西省医疗机构管理条例实施办法》(陕西省人民政府令〔2014〕38号, 自2014年3月18日起施行), 第二十一条第二款.

    Measures for Implementing the “Regulations of the Shaanxi Province on the Administration of Medical Institutions” (Order 176 [2014] of the Shaanxi People’s Government, effective from 18 March 2014), Article 21(2).

  190. 190.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2018〕23号), 第1条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (Order No. 23 [2018] of the President), Article 1.

  191. 191.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2018〕23号), 第2条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (Order No. 23 [2018] of the President), Article 2.

  192. 192.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2018〕23号), 第3条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (Order No. 23 [2018] of the President), Article 3.

  193. 193.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2018〕23号), 第5条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (Order No. 23 [2018] of the President), Article 5.

  194. 194.

    《财政部、海关总署、国家税务总局关于深入实施西部大开发战略有关税收政策问题的通知》(财税〔2011〕58号), 第四条. [Namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, **njiang, Inner Mongolia and Guangxi.]

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation on the Taxation Policies for Deepening the Implementation of the Western Development Strategy (Order No. 58 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 4.

  195. 195.

    《财政部、海关总署、国家税务总局关于深入实施西部大开发战略有关税收政策问题的通知》(财税〔2011〕58号), 第二款; 《西部地区鼓励类产业目录》(国家发展和改革委员会令〔2015〕15号).

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation on the Taxation Policies for Deepening the Implementation of the Western Development Strategy (Order No. 58 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 2; Catalogue of Encouraged Industries in Western Regions (Order No. 15 [2014] of the National Development and Reform Commission).

  196. 196.

    《财政部、海关总署、国家税务总局关于深入实施西部大开发战略有关税收政策问题的通知》(财税〔2011〕58号), 第二款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation on the Taxation Policies for Deepening the Implementation of the Western Development Strategy (Order No. 58 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance) Article 2.

  197. 197.

    Expired in 2017

  198. 198.

    Expired in 2017; 《国务院办公厅印发关于促进社会办医加快发展的若干政策措施》(国办发〔2015〕45号), 第十一款.

    Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Promotion of the Policies and Measures for the Accelerated Development of Privately-Run Hospitals (Order No. 45 [2015] of the State Council), Article 11.

  199. 199.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于全面推开营业税改征增值税试点的通知〉》(财税〔2016〕36号), 附件:1.营业税改征增值税试点实施办法, 第一条、第十条、.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Overall Implementation of the Pilot Program of Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax (Order No. 36 [2016] of the Ministry of Finance), Annex 1: Measures for Implementation of the Pilot Programme of Replacing Business Tax with Value-Added Tax, Article 1, Article 10.

  200. 200.

    《交通运输业和部分现代服务业营业税改征增值税试点过渡政策的规定》(财税〔2011〕111号), 第一款第(七)项.

    Provisions on the Implementation of the Transitional Pilot Programme for Replacing the Levy of Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in the Transportation Industry and Certain Sectors of the Modern Service Industry (Order No. 111 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 1(7).

  201. 201.

    《交通运输业和部分现代服务业营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》(财税〔2011〕111号), 第十五款第(一)项.

    Provisions on the Implementation of the Transitional Pilot Programme for Replacing the Levy of Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in the Transportation Industry and Certain Sectors of the Modern Service Industry (Order No. 111 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 15(1).

  202. 202.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号, 自2000年7月10日起施行), 第二款第(一)项.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 2(1).

  203. 203.

    《交通运输业和部分现代服务业营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》(财税〔2011〕111号), 第二十二款.

    Provisions on the Implementation of the Transitional Pilot Programme for Replacing the Levy of Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in the Transportation Industry and Certain Sectors of the Modern Service Industry (Order No. 111 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 22.

  204. 204.

    《营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》(财税〔2016〕36号), 第二十一款第一项.

    Provisions on the Implementation of the Transitional Pilot Programme for Replacing the Levy of Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in the Transportation Industry and Certain Sectors of the Modern Service Industry (Order No. 111 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 21(1).

  205. 205.

    《营业税改征增值税试点实施办法》(财税〔2016〕36号), 第二十一款第二项.

    Provisions on the Implementation of the Transitional Pilot Programme for Replacing the Levy of Business Tax with Value-Added Tax in the Transportation Industry and Certain Sectors of the Modern Service Industry (Order No. 111 [2011] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 21(2).

  206. 206.

    《中华人民共和国城市维护建设税暂行条例》(国发〔2011〕588号), 第二条; 《征收教育费附加的暂行规定》(国务院令〔2011〕588号), 第二条; 《财政部关于统一地方教育附加政策有关问题的通知》(财综〔2010〕98号), 第二款.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the City Maintenance and Construction Tax (Order No. 19 [1985] of the State Council), Article 2; Interim Provisions on Collection of the Education Surcharge (Order No. 588 [2011] of the State Council), Article 2; Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Issues Concerning the Uniformity of Local Education Surcharge Policies (Order No. 98 [2010] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 2.

  207. 207.

    《国务院关于统一内外资企业和个人城市维护建设税和教育费附加制度的通知》(国发〔2010〕35号, 自2010年12月1日起施行); 《财政部、国家税务总局关于对外资企业征收城市维护建设税和教育费附加有关问题的通知》(财税〔2010〕103号, 自2010年12月1日起施行); 《财政部关于统一地方教育附加政策有关问题的通知》(财综〔2010〕98号), 第二款.

    Notice of the State Council on Unifying the Systems for Urban Maintenance Construction Tax and Educational Surtax on Chinese- and Foreign-Funded Enterprises and Individuals (Order No. 35 [2010] of the State Council, effective from 1 December 2010); Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Issues Concerning the Collection of Urban Maintenance and Construction Tax and Education Surcharges upon Foreign-Funded Enterprises (Order No. 103 [2010] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 1 December 2010); Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Issues Concerning the Uniformity of Local Education Surcharge Policies (Order No. 98 [2010] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 2.

  208. 208.

    《中华人民共和国城市维护建设税暂行条例》(国发〔2011〕588号), 第三条; 《征收教育费附加的暂行规定》(国务院令〔2011〕588号), 第三条第一款; 《财政部关于统一地方教育附加政策有关问题的通知》(财综〔2010〕98号), 第二款.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the City Maintenance and Construction Tax (Order No. 19 [1985] of the State Council), Article 3; Interim Provisions on Collection of the Education Surcharge (Order No. 588 [2011] of the State Council), Article 3 (1); Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Issues Concerning the Uniformity of Local Education Surcharge Policies (Order No. 98 [2010] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 2.

  209. 209.

    《中华人民共和国城市维护建设税暂行条例》(国务院令〔2011〕588号), 第四条.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the City Maintenance and Construction Tax (Order No. 588 [2011] of the State Council), Article 4.

  210. 210.

    《征收教育费附加的暂行规定》(国务院令〔2011〕588号), 第三条.

    Interim Provisions on Collection of the Education Surcharge (Order No. 588 [2011] of the State Council), Article 3.

  211. 211.

    《财政部关于统一地方教育附加政策有关问题的通知》(财综〔2010〕98号), 第二款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Issues Concerning the Uniformity of Local Education Surcharge Policies (Order No. 98 [2010] of the Ministry of Finance), Article 2.

  212. 212.

    《中华人民共和国城市维护建设税暂行条例》(国发〔2011〕588号), 第三条; 《征收教育费附加的暂行规定》(国务院令〔2011〕588号), 第三条.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the City Maintenance and Construction Tax (Order No. 19 [1985] of the State Council), Article 3; Interim Provisions on Collection of the Education Surcharge (Order No. 588 [2011] of the State Council), Article 3.

  213. 213.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号, 自2000年7月10日起施行), 第二条第一款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(2).

  214. 214.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第二条第一款; 《中华人民共和国房产税暂行条例》(国发〔1986〕90号), 第七条; 《中华人民共和国城镇土地使用税暂行条例》(国务院令〔2006〕483号), 第八条.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 2(1); Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Tax Collection and Administration (Order No. 90 [1986] of the State Council), Article 7; Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Urban and Town Land Use Tax (Order No. 483 [2006] of the State Council), Article 8.

  215. 215.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第二条第一款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 2(1);

  216. 216.

    Cf. 《中华人民共和国车船税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2019〕29号), 第三条.

    Cf. Law of the People’s Republic of China on Motor Vehicle and Vessel Taxes (Order No. 29 [2019] of the President), Article 3.

  217. 217.

    营利性与非营利性医疗机构政策专题(江苏省无锡市地方税务局, 发布时间:2015年11月12日), <http://www.wuxitax.gov.cn/art/2015/11/12/art_58794_784350.html>.

    Special Article of the Wuxi Tax Office about the Policy of For-Profit and Non-Profit Medical Institutions, Publication date: 12 November 2015.

  218. 218.

    医疗机构税收政策介绍(江苏省徐州市地方税务局, 发布时间:2010年10月13日), <http://www.canet.com.cn/wenyuan/swlw/sssw/201010/13-173096.html>.

    Introduction of the Xuzhou Tax Office about the Tax Policy of Medical Institutions, Publication date: 13 October 2010.

  219. 219.

    《中华人民共和国房产税暂行条例》(国发〔1986〕90号), 第四条第一款.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Tax Collection and Administration (Order No. 90 [1986] of the State Council), Article 4 (1).

  220. 220.

    《中华人民共和国城镇土地使用税暂行条例》(国务院令〔2006〕483号), 第三条第一款.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Urban and Town Land Use Tax (Order No. 483 [2006] of the State Council), Article 3(1).

  221. 221.

    《中华人民共和国城镇土地使用税暂行条例》(国务院令〔2006〕483号), 第四条第一款.

    Interim Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Urban and Town Land Use Tax (Order No. 483 [2006] of the State Council), Article 4(1).

  222. 222.

    《中华人民共和国车船税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2019〕29号), 第二条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Motor Vehicle and Vessel Taxes (Order No. 29 [2019] of the President), Article 2.

  223. 223.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第一条第一款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(1).

  224. 224.

    《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法实施细则》(国务院令〔2016〕666号), 第十二条第二款; 《税务登记管理办法》(国家税务总局令〔2019〕48号), 第九条; 《国家税务总局关于明确社会组织等纳税人使用统一社会信用代码及办理税务登记有关问题的通知》(税总函〔2016〕121号), 第一条.

    Rules for the Implementation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Tax Collection (Decree No. 666 [2016] of the State Council), Article 12(2); Administrative Measures for Taxation Registration (Order No. 48 [2019] of the State Council), Article 9; Notice of the State Taxation Administration on Clarifying the Relevant Issues on the Use of the Uniform Social Credit Code by Social Organisations and other Taxpayers and Handling Taxation Registration (Order No. 121 [2016] of the State Taxation Administration), Article 1.

  225. 225.

    《医疗收费票据使用管理办法》(财综〔2012〕73号, 自2013年1月1日起施行), 第三条第一款, 第十三条第五款; 《中华人民共和国发票管理办法》(国务院令〔2019〕709号), 第三条.

    Measures for the Administration of the Use of Bills for Medical Charges (Order No. 73 [2012] of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health, effective from 1 January 2013), Article 3(1) and Article 13(5); Measures of the People’s Republic of China for the Administration of Invoices (Order No. 709 [2019] of the State Council), Article 3.

  226. 226.

    《医疗收费票据使用管理办法》(财综〔2012〕73号), 第三条第一款.

    Measures for the Administration of the Use of Bills for Medical Charges (Order No. 73 [2012] of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health), Article 3(1).

  227. 227.

    《医疗收费票据使用管理办法》(财综〔2012〕73号), 第十六条.

    Measures for the Administration of the Use of Bills for Medical Charges (Order No. 73 [2012] of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health), Article 16 (1).

  228. 228.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(中华人民共和国**令〔2018〕23号), 第二十六条第四款; 《中华人民共和国企业所得税法实施条例》(国务院令〔2007〕512号, 自2008年1月1日起施行), 第八十四条.

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (Order No. 23 [2018] of the President), Article 26(4); Regulations on the Implementation of Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 512 [2007] of the State Council, effective from 1 January 2008), Article 84.

  229. 229.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第一条第二款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(2).

  230. 230.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第一条第三款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(3).

  231. 231.

    《财政部、国家税务总局关于医疗卫生机构有关税收政策的通知》(财税〔2000〕42号), 第一条第五款.

    Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration on the Relevant Tax Policies for Medical and Health Institutions (Order No. 42 [2000] of the Ministry of Finance, effective from 10 July 2000), Article 1(5).

  232. 232.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第二条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 2.

  233. 233.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第二十二条第二款.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 22(2).

  234. 234.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第六条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 6.

  235. 235.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第七条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 7.

  236. 236.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十六条第一款.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 16(1).

  237. 237.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十六条第二款.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 16(2).

  238. 238.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第三条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 3.

  239. 239.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十五条第二款.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 15(2).

  240. 240.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第八条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 8.

  241. 241.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第八条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 8.

  242. 242.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第九条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 9.

  243. 243.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十三条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 13.

  244. 244.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十四条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 14.

  245. 245.

    《医疗广告管理办法》(国家工商行政管理总局、卫生部令〔2006〕26号), 第十五条第一款; 《户外广告登记管理规定》(国家工商行政管理总局令第25号), 自2006年7月1日起施行, 第三条.

    Measures on Medical Advertisement Administration (Order No. 26 [2006] of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and Ministry of Health), Article 15(1)REPEALED

  246. 246.

    《中华人民共和国企业所得税法实施条例》(国务院令〔2007〕512号), 第四十四条.

    Regulations on the Implementation of Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order No. 512 [2007] of the State Council), Article 44.

  247. 247.

    《关于印发改革药品和医疗服务价格形成机制的意见的通知》(发改价格〔2009〕2844号)第十六款.

    Notice on Printing and Distributing the Opinions on Reforming the Formation Mechanism of Drugs and Medical Services (Order No. 2844 [2009] of the National Development and Reform Commission), Article 16.

  248. 248.

    《关于印发改革药品和医疗服务价格形成机制的意见的通知》(发改价格〔2009〕2844号)第十六款.

    Notice on Printing and Distributing the Opinions on Reforming the Formation Mechanism of Drugs and Medical Services (Order No. 2844 [2009] of the National Development and Reform Commission), Article 16.

  249. 249.

    《国家发展改革委、卫生部、国家中医药管理局关于规范医疗服务价格管理及有关问题的通知》(发改价格〔2012〕1170号, 自2012年5月4日起施行), 附件:《全国医疗服务价格项目规范(2012年版)》.

    Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Health and the State Administration for Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Standardisation of the Price Administration of Medical Services and Related Issues (Notice No. 1170 [2012] of the National Development and Reform Commission), Annex: National Medical Service Price Project Standardisation (2012 Edition)

  250. 250.

    《国家发展改革委、卫生部、国家中医药管理局关于规范医疗服务价格管理及有关问题的通知》(发改价格〔2012〕1170号), 第二款.

    Notice of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Health and the State Administration for Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Standardisation of the Price Administration of Medical Services and Related Issues (Notice No. 1170 [2012] of the National Development and Reform Commission), Article 2.

  251. 251.

    《人力资源社会保障部关于完善基本医疗保险定点医药机构协议管理的指导意见》(人社部发〔 2015〕 98号).

    Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on Improving the Contract Management of Medical Institutions Designated for Basic Medical Insurance (Order No. 98 [2015] of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security).

  252. 252.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号, 自2002年9月1日起施行).

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council, effective from 1 September 2002).

  253. 253.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第六十条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 60.

  254. 254.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第三十五条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 35.

  255. 255.

    《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》(中华人民共和国**令〔 2017〕76号, 自1996年10月1日起施行).

    Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Penalty (Order No. 76 [2017] of the President, entered into force on 1 January 2018).

  256. 256.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第三十七条.

    cf. hierzu Regulation on the Handling of Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 37.

  257. 257.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第四十六条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 46.

  258. 258.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第四十七条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 47.

  259. 259.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第四条、第四十九条、第五十条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 4, Article 49, Article 50.

  260. 260.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第四十八条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 48.

  261. 261.

    《医疗事故处理条》(国务院令〔 2002〕351号), 第五十五条.

    Regulation on Handling Medical Accidents (Decree No. 341 [2002] of the State Council), Article 55.

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Etgen, B. (2022). Investments in Medical Institutions. In: Investment in China's Health and Care Sector. Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35462-6_2

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