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Isotopic Mineralogy

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Methods and Instrumentations: Results and Recent Developments

Part of the book series: Advanced Mineralogy ((AM,volume 2))

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Abstract

Among the 340 isotopes of the 98 chemical elements occurring in the minerals of the Earth, Moon, Mars, and meteorites, the majority are nonradioacitive. Many of them are absolutely stable in accordance with the law of conservation of energy, as the energy potential of the system originated by their radioactive decay would exceed that of the initial system. For instance, α-decay of 16O or fission of 28Si into 16O and 12C are absolutely prohibited. Another part of the “stable” isotopes is actually capable of radioactive decay. For instance, in zircon, the atomic nucleus of 96Zr could transform into two nuclei of 48Ca. In this and many other similar cases, however, at the energy efficiency of the radioactive decay, the latter practically does not occur, due to the excessive height and low quantum-mechanical permeability of the energy barrier. Only in some cases, as the sensitivity of the measurements increases, is it possible to detect the extent of radioactivity in such isotopes. For instance, only one atom of 130Te isotope decays in 1 g of mineral tellurobismutite per month.

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Authors
  1. Yu. A. Shukolyukov
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  2. K. Wetzel
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Faculty, University of Moscow, 119899, Moscow, Russia, CIS

    A. S. Marfunin

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Shukolyukov, Y.A. et al. (1995). Isotopic Mineralogy. In: Marfunin, A.S. (eds) Methods and Instrumentations: Results and Recent Developments. Advanced Mineralogy, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78526-9_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78526-9_8

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