Abstract
The result of ultrafast laser processing of embedded refractive index changes in optical materials depends on the material relaxation paths, as well as on the spatio-temporal characteristics of the writing beam. Recently, new beam manipulation concepts were developed which allow a modulation of the energy feedthrough enabling a synergetic interaction between light and matter and, therefore, improved results. We discuss here the possibility of managing laser-induced physical phenomena employing automated temporal pulse sha**. In reviewing some of the control factors we indicate the potential of regulated energy input in triggering thermo-mechanical pathways that may establish desired refractive index distributions. The adaptive techniques indicate as well an engineering aspect related to efficient processing of structural modifications in three-dimensional arrangements. Here, a feasible solution is represented by dynamic spatial sha** techniques. The approach includes corrections for beam propagation errors and spatial intensity design in desired patterns. Insights into parallel writing techniques for complex structures using wavefront engineering will be given, with the purpose of achieving performant optical functions in a time-effective way.
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Acknowledgements
The author is deeply indebted to C. Mauclair, A. Mermillod-Blondin, and G. Cheng for their enthusiastic involvement in many of the presented studies. The participation of I. M. Burakov, N. M. Bulgakova, Yu. P. Meshcheryakov, A. Rosenfeld, I. V. Hertel, N. Huot, and E. Audouard is equally acknowledged.
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Stoian, R. (2012). Optimizing Laser-Induced Refractive Index Changes in Optical Glasses via Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Beam Engineering. In: Osellame, R., Cerullo, G., Ramponi, R. (eds) Femtosecond Laser Micromachining. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 123. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23366-1_4
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