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Definitions
An effective indicator should measure progress or the lack thereof (retrograding) that directly relates to a specific target, and where there are multiple aspects of a target an effective indicator should have sufficient scope to measure progress toward all aspects of the target (IAEG-SDGs 2020). Progress should be quantified through data quality; the quality of data used to derive the index itself or parameters used to determine the indicator. In this case, “quality” refers to both the quality of individual data sources (such as instrument uncertainty and sampling bias) and the spatio-temporal coverage of the data in the context of evaluating the indicator (Tanhua et al. 2019), and finally, data accessibility, the ease with which the most up-to-date, comprehensive nationwide data sources are accessible to National and International bodies (including the UN Environment database) and the public (Stall et al. 2019...
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Acknowledgments
This review was conducted during two workshops at the CSIRO in Hobart in 2018 and 2019 with the following author contributions: Target 14.1: Dr. Veronica Tamsitt and Dr. Eric Raes; Target 14.2: Dr. Karlie McDonald and Dr. Camilla Novaglio; Target 14.3: Dr. Narissa Bax and Dr. Annie Foppert; Target 14.4: Dr. Shane Baylis, Dr. Claudio Castillo-Jordán, and Dr. Pierre Feutry; Target 14.5: Dr. Christopher Doropoulos and Dr. Flavia Tarquinio, Dr. Dimitri Lafleur and Dr. Skip Woolley; Target 14.6: Dr. Oceane Richet and Dr. Toni Cannard; and Target 14.7: Dr. Paul Branson; Illustrations: Malou Zuidema https://www.malouzuidema.com/. We sincerely thank Dr. Karen Evans for her valuable suggestions and constructive feedback. We are thankful for the financial support from the CSIRO.
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Raes, E.J., Participants of the CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere ECR workshop Life Below Water. (2022). Measuring Success of SDG 14: An Australian Perspective. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A.M., Brandli, L., Lange Salvia, A., Wall, T. (eds) Life Below Water. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98536-7_149
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