SpringerLink
Log in

Pine Marten Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758)

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of the Mammals of Europe

Part of the book series: Handbook of the Mammals of Europe ((HDBME))

  • 26 Accesses

Abstract

This comprehensive species-specific chapter covers all aspects of the mammalian biology, including paleontology, physiology, genetics, reproduction and development, ecology, habitat, diet, mortality, and behavior. The economic significance and management of mammals and future challenges for research and conservation are addressed as well. The chapter includes a distribution map, a photograph of the animal, and a list of key literature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abramov AV, Khlyap L (2012) Order carnivora. In: Pavlinov IY, Lissovsky AA (eds) The mammals of Russia: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Archive of the Zoological Museum of MSU, vol 52. KMK Sci Press, Moscow, pp 313–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson E (1970) Quaternary evolution of the genus Martes (Carnivora, Mustelidae). Acta Zool Fenn 130:1–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson E (1994) Evolution, prehistoric distribution and systematics of Martes. In: Buskirk SW, Harestad AS, Raphael MG, Powell RA (eds) Martens, sables and fishers: biology and conservation. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 13–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson RC (2000) Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission. CABI Publishing, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Artois M, Bourhy H, Miller TF, Selhorst T, Smith GC (2012) Lyssavirus infections. In: Gavier-Vidén D, Duff JP, Meredith A (eds) Infectious diseases of wild mammals and birds in Europe. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, pp 86–98

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Remonti L, Ruiz-González A, Gómez-Moliner BJ, Vergara M, Prigioni C (2010) Range expansion of the pine marten (Martes martes) in an agricultural landscape matrix (NW Italy). Mamm Biol 75:412–419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Remonti L, Ruiz-Gonzalez A, Vergara M, Capelli E, Gomez-Moliner BJ, Prigioni C (2011) Food habits of genetically identified pine martens (Martes martes) expanding in agricultural lowlands (NW Italy). Acta Theriol 56:199–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Remonti L, Ruiz-González A, Zenato M, Gazzola A, Vergara M, Dettori EE, Saino N, Capelli E, Gómez-Moliner BJ, Guidali F, Prigioni C (2015) Distribution and habitat use by pine marten Martes martes in a riparian corridor crossing intensively cultivated lowlands. Ecol Res 30:153–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Ruiz-González A, Capelli E, Vergara M, Prigioni C, Saino N (2016a) Pine marten vs. stone marten in agricultural lowlands: a landscape-scale, genetic survey. Mamm Res 61:327–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Ruiz-González A, Vergara M, Capelli E, Tirozzi P, Alfino S, Minuti G, Prigioni C, Saino N (2016b) Pine marten density in lowland riparian woods: a test for the Random Encounter Model. Mamm Biol 81:439–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Bogliani G, Boano G, Ruiz-González A, Saino N, Costa S, Milanesi P (2016c) Modelling the distribution of forest-dependent species in human-dominated landscapes: patterns for the pine marten in intensively cultivated lowlands. PLoS One 11(7):e0158203

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Balestrieri A, Mori E, Menchetti M, Ruiz-González A, Milanesi P (2019) Far from the madding crowd: tolerance toward human disturbance shapes distribution and connectivity patterns of closely related Martes spp. Popul Ecol 61:289–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balharry D (1993) Social organisation in martens: an inflexible system? Symp Zool Soc Lond 65:321–345

    Google Scholar 

  • Baradarani K, Moqanaki EM (2014) A recent record of pine marten Martes martes from the Caspian region of Iran. Small Carniv Conserv 51:82–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Barja I, Silván G, Rosellini S, Piňeiro A, González-Gil A, Camacho L, Illera JC (2007) Stress physiological responses to tourist pressure in a wild population of European pine marten. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 104:136–142

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bartolommei P, Manzo E, Bencini C, Cozzolino R (2014) Morphological measurements of pine marten in central Italy. Hystrix Ital J Mammal 25(2):111–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartolommei P, Gasperini S, Manzo E, Natali C, Ciofi C, Cozzolino R (2016a) Genetic relatedness affects socio-spatial organization in a solitary carnivore, the European pine marten. Hystrix Ital J Mamm 27(2). https://doi.org/10.4404/hystrix-27.2-11876

  • Bartolommei P, Manzo E, Cozzolino R (2016b) Seasonal spatial behaviour of pine marten Martes martes in a deciduous oak forest of central Italy. Mamm Res 61:319–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumann C, Gornetzki K (2017) Postcranial differences in sex and species of pine marten (Martes martes L., 1758) and beech marten (Martes foina Erxl., 1777). Palaeodiversity 10:7–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bencatel J, Ferreira CC, Barbosa AM, Rosalino LM, Álvares F (2018) Research trends and geographical distribution of mammalian carnivores in Portugal (SW Europe). PLoS One 13:e0207866

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Birks JDS (2017) Pine martens. Whittet Books, Stansted

    Google Scholar 

  • Birks JDS, Messenger JE, Halliwell EC (2005) Diversity of den sites used by pine martens Martes martes: a response to the scarcity of arboreal cavities? Mammal Rev 35:313–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brainerd SM, Rolstad J (2002) Habitat selection by Eurasian pine martens Martes martes in managed forests of southern boreal Scandinavia. Wildl Biol 8:289–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brainerd SM, Helldin J-O, Lindstrom E, Rolstad J (1994) Eurasian pine martens and old industrial forest in southern boreal Scandinavia. In: Buskirk SW, Harestad A, Powell R, Raphael M (eds) Proceedings of the Marten/Fisher symposium. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 343–354

    Google Scholar 

  • Brainerd SM, Helldin J-O, Lindstrom E, Rolstad E, Rolstad J, Storch I (1995) Pine marten (Martes martes) selection of resting and denning sites in Scandinavian managed forests. Ann Zool Fenn 32:151–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Bright PW, Halliwell E (1999) Species recovery programme for the pine marten in England: 1996–1998. English Nature research report no 306. English Nature, Peterborough

    Google Scholar 

  • Brzeziński M, Rodak L, Zalewski A (2014) “Reversed” intraguild predation: red fox cubs killed by pine marten. Acta Theriol 59:473–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Calenge C, Chadoeuf J, Giraud C, Huet S, Julliard R, Monestiez P, Piffady J, Pinaud D, Ruette S (2015) The spatial distribution of Mustelidae in France. PLoS One 10:e0121689

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Caryl FM, Quine CP, Park KJ (2012) Martens in the matrix: the importance of nonforested habitats for forest carnivores in fragmented landscapes. J Mammal 93:464–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clevenger AP (1993) The European pine marten Martes martes in the Balearic Islands, Spain. Mammal Rev 23:65–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colli L, Cannas R, Deiana AM, Tagliavini J (2011) Microsatellite variability of Sardinian pine martens, Martes martes. Zool Sci 28:580–586

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corbet GB (1978) The mammals of the Palaearctic region: a taxonomic review. British Museum, Cornell University Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Croose E, Birks JDS, Schofield HW (2013) Expansion zone survey of pine marten (Martes martes) distribution in Scotland. Scottish Natural Heritage commissioned report no 520. Scottish Natural Heritage, Inverness

    Google Scholar 

  • Croose E, Birks JDS, Martin J, Ventress G, MacPherson J, O’Reilly C (2019) Comparing the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of sampling methods for estimating population abundance and density of a recovering carnivore: the European pine marten (Martes martes). Eur J Wildl Res 65:37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davison A, Birks JDS, Brookes RC, Messenger JE, Griffiths HI (2001) Mitochondrial phylogeography and population history of pine martens Martes martes compared with polecats Mustela putorius. Mol Ecol 10:2479–2488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Marinis AM, Masseti M (1993) Distribution of the pine marten Martes martes L., 1758 (Mammalia, Carnivora) on the Island of Elba, northern Tyrrhenian sea. Suppl Ric Biol Selvaggina 21:263–267

    Google Scholar 

  • De Monte M, Roeder JJ (1990) Responses to inter-and intraspecific scent marks in pine martens (Martes martes). J Chem Ecol 16:611–618

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deksne G, Segliņa Z, Ligere B, Kirjušina M (2017) The pine marten (Martes martes) and the stone marten (Martes foina) as possible wild reservoirs of Toxoplasma gondii in the Baltic States. Vet Parasitol 9:70–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Delibes M (1983) Interspecific competition and the habitat of the stone marten Martes foina (Erxleben, 1777) in Europe. Acta Zool Fenn 174:229–231

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellerman JR, Morrison-Scott TCS (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals, 1758 to 1946. British Museum, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson S, Larivière S (2004) Is mustelid life history different? In: Harrison DJ, Fuller AK, Proulx G (eds) Martens and fishers (Martes) in human-altered environments: an international perspective. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 3–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonda F, Torretta E, Balestrieri A, Pavanello M (2017) Time partitioning in pine- and stone marten from the carnic pre-Alps (NE Italy). In: 32nd European mustelid colloquium, Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  • Fonda F, Chiatante G, Meriggi A, Mustoni A, Armanini M, Mosini A, … Balestrieri A (2021) Spatial distribution of the pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) in the Italian Alps. Mamm Biol 101:345–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Frölich K, Streich WJ, Fickel J, Jung S, Truyen U, Hentschke J, Dedek J, Prager D, Latz N (2005) Epizootiologic investigations of parvovirus infections in free-ranging carnivores from Germany. J Wildl Dis 41:231–235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gazzola A, Balestrieri A (2020) Nutritional ecology provides insights into competitive interactions between closely related Martes species. Mammal Rev 50:82–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goszczyński J, Posluszny M, Pilot M, Gralak B (2007) Patterns of winter locomotion and foraging in two sympatric species: Martes martes and Martes foina. Can J Zool 85:239–249

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grakov NN (1981) The pine marten. Nauka Publishing House, Moscow

    Google Scholar 

  • Heddergott M (2009) First record of Skrjabingylus petrowi (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in a pine marten (Martes martes) in Germany. Eur J Wildl Res 55:543–546

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helldin JO (1997) Age determination of Eurasian pine martens by radiographs of teeth in situ. Wildl Soc Bull 25:83–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Helldin JO (1999) Diet, body condition, and reproduction of Eurasian pine martens Martes martes during cycles in microtine density. Ecography 22:324–336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helldin J-O (2000) Population trends and harvest management of pine marten Martes martes in Scandinavia. Wildl Biol 6:111–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helldin JO, Lindström ER (1995) Late winter social activity in pine marten (Martes martes) – false heat or dispersal? Ann Zool Fenn 32:145–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Heptner VG, Naumov NP (1974) Die Säugetiere der Sowjetunion. Band II: Seekühe und Raubtiere. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrero J, Kranz A, Skumatov D, Abramov AV, Maran T, Monakhov VG (2016) Martes martes. In: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T12848A45199169. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T12848A45199169.en. Downloaded on 23 April 2020

  • Hofmeester TR (2011) Pine marten CSI: gaining knowledge from tongues and faeces. Master thesis in Biology GEN-80436, p 35

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmeester TR, van Wieren SE (2014) Ticks (Ixodidae) parasitizing pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) – a literature review and preliminary data. In: 6th International Martes symposium, Krakow (poster)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosoda T, Suzuki H, Harada M, Tsuchiya K, Han S-H, Zhang Y-P, Kryukov AP, Lin L-K (2000) Evolutionary trends of the mitochondrial lineage differentiation in species of genera Martes and Mustela. Genes Genet Syst 75:259–267

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes SS (2012) Synthesis of Martes evolutionary history. In: Aubry KB, Zielinski WJ, Raphael MG, Proulx G, Buskirk SW (eds) Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: a new synthesis. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 3–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutchings MR, White PCL (2010) Mustelid scent-marking in managed ecosystems: implications for population management. Mammal Rev 30:157–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • İbiş O, Koepfli K-P, Ozcan S, Tez C (2018) Genetic analysis of Turkish martens: do two species of the genus Martes occur in Anatolia? Zool Scr 47:390–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iversen JA (1972) Basal energy metabolism of mustelids. J Comp Physiol 81:341–344

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janchev J, Genov T (1988) Angiostrongylus daskalovi spp. (Nematoda: Filaroididae) from Mustelidae in Bulgaria. Helminthologia (Bratislava) 252:81–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Jędrzejewski W, Zalewski A, Jędrzejewska B (1993) Foraging by pine marten Martes martes in relation to food resources in Bialowieża National Park, Poland. Acta Theriol 38:405–426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karbowiak G, Szewczyk T, Werszko J (2016) Ectoparasites of carnivores in north-eastern Poland. Ann Parasitol 62(suppl):184

    Google Scholar 

  • Kauhala K, Helle P, Helle E (2000) Predator control and the density and reproductive success of grouse populations in Finland. Ecography 23:161–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiss BJ, Marinov M, Vasile A, Sándor AD (2012) First records of the pine marten (Martes martes) in the Danube Delta. North-West J Zool 8:195–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleef HL, Wijsman HJW (2015) Mast, mice and pine marten (Martes martes): the pine marten’s reproductive response to wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) fluctuations in The Netherlands. Lutra 58:23–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Koepfli KP, Deere KA, Slater GJ, Begg C, Begg K, Grassman L, Lucherini M, Veron G, Wayne RK (2008) Multigene phylogeny of the Mustelidae: resolving relationships, tempo and biogeographic history of a mammalian adaptive radiation. BMC Biol 6:10

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kurki S, Nikula A, Helle P, Linden H (1998) Abundances of red fox and pine marten in relation to the composition of boreal forest landscapes. J Anim Ecol 67:874–886

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kyle CJ, Davison A, Strobeck C (2003) Genetic structure of European pine martens (Martes martes), and evidence for introgression with M. americana in England. Conserv Genet 4:179–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labrid M (1986) La martre. In: Artois M, Delattre P (eds) Encyclopédie des Carnivores de France. Société Francaise pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères, Nort s/Erdre, pp 1–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Larroque J, Ruette S, Vandel J-M, Devillard S (2015a) “False heat,” big testes, and the onset of natal dispersal in European pine martens (Martes martes). Eur J Wildl Res 61:333–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larroque J, Ruette S, Vandel J-M, Devillard S (2015b) Where to sleep in a rural landscape? A comparative study of resting sites pattern in two syntopic Martes species. Ecography 38:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larroque J, Ruette S, Vandel J-M, Devillard S (2016) Divergent landscape effects on genetic differentiation in two populations of the European pine marten (Martes martes). Landsc Ecol 31:517–531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawler JJ, Safford HD, Girvetz EH (2012) Martens and fishers in a changing climate. In: Aubry KB, Zielinski WJ, Raphael MG, Proulx G, Buskirk SW (eds) Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: a new synthesis. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 371–397

    Google Scholar 

  • Li B, Wolsan M, Wua D, Zhang W, Xu Y, Zeng Z (2014) Mitochondrial genomes reveal the pattern and timing of marten (Martes), wolverine (Gulo), and fisher (Pekania) diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 80:156–164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lindström ER, Brainerd SM, Helldin JO, Overskaug K (1995) Pine marten–red fox interactions: a case of intraguild predation? Ann Zool Fenn 32:123–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Llorente-Rodríguez L, Nores-Quesada C, López-Sáez J, Morales-Muniz A (2015) Hidden signatures of the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Iberia: the pine marten (Martes martes Linnaeus, 1758) and beech marten (M. foina Erxleben, 1777) from Cova Fosca (Spain). Quat Int 403:174–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardini M, Cinerari CE, Murru M, Vidus Rosin A, Mazzoleni L, Meriggi A (2015) Habitat requirements of Eurasian pine marten Martes martes in a Mediterranean environment. Mamm Res 60:97–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • López-Martín JM, Ruiz-Olmo J, Padró I (2006) Comparison of skull measurements and sexual dimorphism between the Minorcan pine marten (Martes martes minoricensis) and the Iberian pine marten (M. m. martes): a case of insularity. Mamm Biol 71:13–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loy A, Spinosi O, Carlini R (2004) Cranial morphology of Martes foina and M. martes (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae): the role of size and shape in sexual dimorphism and interspecific differentiation. Ital J Zool 71:27–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lozano J, Casanovas JG, Virgós E, Zorrilla JM (2013) The competitor release effect applied to carnivore species: how red foxes can increase in numbers when persecuted. Anim Biodivers Conserv 36:37–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyly MS, Villers A, Koivisto E, Helle P, Ollila T, Korpimȁki E (2015) Avian top predator and the landscape of fear: responses of mammalian mesopredators to risk imposed by the golden eagle. Ecol Evol 5:503–514

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • MacPherson J, Wright P (2021) Long-term strategic recovery plan for pine martens in Britain. Vincent Wildlife Trust, Ledbury, Herefordshire, p 72

    Google Scholar 

  • Maňas SJ, Ceňa C, Ruiz-Olmo J, Domingo M, Palazón S, Wolfinbarger JB, Bloom ME (2001) Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in wild riparian carnivores in Spain. J Wildl Dis 37:138–144

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marchesi P (1989) Ecologie et comportement de la martre (Martes martes L.) dans le Jura suisse. PhD thesis, University of Neuchatel, p 185

    Google Scholar 

  • Marmi J, López-Giráldez JF, Domingo-Roura X (2004) Phylogeny, evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Mustelidae based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene and a complex repetitive flanking region. Zool Scr 33:481–499

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNicol CM, Bavin D, Bearhop S, Ferryman M, Gill R, Goodwin CED, MacPherson J, Silk MJ, McDonald RA (2020) Translocated native pine martens Martes martes alter short-term space use by invasive non-native grey squirrels Sciurus carolinensis. J Appl Ecol 57:903–913

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mergey M, Helder R, Roeder J-J (2011) Effect of forest fragmentation on space-use patterns in the European pine marten (Martes martes). J Mammal 92:328–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mergey M, Larroque J, Ruette S, Vandel J, Helder R, Queney G, Devillard S (2012) Linking habitat characteristics with genetic diversity of the European pine marten (Martes martes) in France. Eur J Wildl Res 58:909–922

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mergey M, Bardonnet C, Quintaine T, Galan M, Bodin C, Hubert P, Helder R (2017) Identifying environmental drivers of spatial genetic structure of the European pine marten (Martes martes). Landsc Ecol 32:2261–2279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meshcherskii IG, Rozhnov VV, Naidenko SV (2003) On certain properties of water and energy metabolism in representatives of Martes and Mustela Genera (Mammalia: Mustelidae). Biol Bull 30:406–410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moinet M, Fournier-Chambrillon C, André-Fontaine G, Aulagnier S, Mesplède A, Blanchard B, Descarsin V, Dumas P, Dumas Y, Coȉc C, Couzi L, Fournier P (2010) Leptospirosis in free-ranging endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola) and other small carnivores (Mustelidae, Viverridae) from southwestern France. J Wildl Dis 4:1141–1151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monakhov VG (2013) Hybrids between sable and pine marten: a study by the method of geometric morphometrics. Martes Work Group Newsl 20:34–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Moreno-Opo R, Afonso I, Jiménez J, Fernández-Olalla M, Canut J, García-Ferré D, Piqué J, García F, Roig J, Muñoz-Igualada J, González LM, López-Bao JV (2015) Is it necessary managing carnivores to reverse the decline of endangered prey species? Insights from a removal experiment of mesocarnivores to benefit demographic parameters of the Pyrenean Capercaillie. PLoS One 10(10):e0139837

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Mullins J (2010) Estimating the size and structure of pine marten populations using non-invasive genetic sampling. Thesis, Waterford Institute of Technology, p 207

    Google Scholar 

  • Mustonen A-M, Nieminen P (2012) Ecophysiology of overwintering in Northern Martes species. In: Aubry KB, Zielinski WJ, Raphael MG, Proulx G, Buskirk S (eds) Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: a new synthesis. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 186–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Najdenski H, Speck S (2012) Yersinia infections. In: Gavier-Vidén D, Duff JP, Meredith A (eds) Infectious diseases of wild mammals and birds in Europe. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, pp 293–302

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Nowak R (1999) Walker’s mammals of the world, vol 1, 6th edn. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien SJ, Menninger JC, Nash WG (2006) Atlas of Mammalian Chromosomes. Wiley, Hoboken

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • O’Mahony D (2017) A species distribution model for pine marten (Martes martes) in the least forested region of Europe. Mamm Res 62:195–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Mahony D, O’Reilly C, Turner P (2012) Pine marten (Martes martes) distribution and abundance in Ireland: a cross-jurisdictional analysis using non-invasive genetic survey techniques. Mamm Biol 77:351–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Mahony DT, Powell C, Power J, Hanniffy R, Marnell F, Turner P, O’Reilly C (2017) Non-invasively determined multi-site variation in pine marten Martes martes density, a recovering carnivore in Europe. Eur J Wildl Res 63:48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oksanen A, Siles-Lucas M, Karamon J, Possenti A, Conraths FJ, Romig T, Wysocki P, Mannocci A, Mipatrini D, La Torre G, Boufana B, Casulli A (2016) The geographical distribution and prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in animals in the European Union and adjacent countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors 9:519

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ozolinš J, Pilāts V (1995) Distribution and status of small and medium-sized carnivores in Latvia. Ann Zool Fenn 32:21–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereboom V, Mergey M, Villerette N, Helder R, Gerard JF, Lodé T (2008) Movement patterns, habitat selection, and corridor use of a typical woodland-dweller species, the European pine marten (Martes martes), in fragmented landscape. Can J Zool 86:983–991

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pertoldi C, Barker SF, Madsen AB, Jørgensen H, Randi E, Muňoz J, Baagoe HJ, Loeschcke V (2008) Spatio-temporal population genetics of the Danish pine marten (Martes martes). Biol J Linn Soc 93:457–464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philippa J, Fournier-Chambrillon C, Fournier P, Schaftenaar W, van de Bildt M, van Herweijnen R, Kuiken T, Liabeuf M, Ditcharry S, Joubert L, Bégnier M, Osterhaus A (2008) Serologic survey for selected viral pathogens in free-ranging endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola) and other mustelids from south-western France. J Wildl Dis 44:791–801

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pilot M, Gralak B, Goszczynski J, Posluszny M (2007) A method of genetic identification of pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) and its application to faecal samples. J Zool Lond 271:140–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Posluszny M, Pilot M, Goszczynski J, Gralak B (2007) Diet of sympatric pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) identified by genoty** of DNA from faeces. Ann Zool Fenn 44:269–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Proulx G, Aubry K, Birks J, Buskirk S, Fortin C, Frost H, Krohn W, Mayo L, Monakhov V, Payer D, Saeki M, Santos-Reis M, Weir R, Zielinski W (2004) World distribution and status of the genus Martes in 2000. In: Harrison DJ, Fuller AK, Proulx G (eds) Martens and fishers (Martes) in human-altered environments: an international perspective. Springer, New York, pp 21–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulliainen E (1982) Scent-marking in the pine marten (Martes martes) in Finnish Forest Lapland in winter. Z Säugetierkd 47:91–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Reig S (1992) Geographic variation in pine marten (Martes martes) and beech marten (M. foina) in Europe. J Mammal 73:744–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reig S, Ruprecht AL (1989) Skull variability of M. martes and M. foina from Poland. Acta Theriol 34:595–624

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Remonti L, Balestrieri A, Raubenheimer D, Saino N (2016) Functional implications of omnivory for dietary nutrient balance. Oikos 125:1233–1240

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosellini S, Osorio E, Ruiz-González A, Piňeiro A, Barja I (2008) Monitoring the small-scale distribution of sympatric European pine martens (Martes martes) and stone martens (Martes foina): a multievidence approach using faecal DNA analysis and camera-traps. Wildl Res 35:434–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rozhnov VV, Meschersky IG, Pishchulina SL, Simakin LV (2010) Genetic analysis of sable (Martes zibellina) and pine marten (M. martes) populations in sympatric part of distribution area in the northern Urals. Russ J Genet 46:488–492

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruette S, Larroque J, Albaret M, Vandel J-M, Devillard S (2015a) Quantifying the age- and sex-dependent morphological variation in two syntopic mustelids: Martes martes and Martes foina. Mamm Biol 80:414–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruette S, Vandel J-M, Albaret M, Devillard S (2015b) Comparative survival pattern of the syntopic pine and stone martens in a trapped rural area in France. J Zool 295:214–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-González A, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Abramov AV, Davoli F, Gomez-Moliner BJ (2013) Phylogeography of the forest-dwelling European pine marten (Martes martes): new insights into cryptic northern glacial refugia. Biol J Linn Soc 109:1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-González A, Gurrutxaga M, Cushman SA, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Gómez-Moliner BJ (2014) Landscape genetics for the empirical assessment of resistance surfaces: the European pine marten (Martes martes) as a target-species of a regional ecological network. PLoS One 9:e110552

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-González A, Cushman SA, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Gómez-Moliner BJ (2015) Isolation by distance, resistance and/or clusters? Lessons learned from a forest-dwelling carnivore inhabiting a heterogeneous landscape. Mol Ecol 24:5110–5129

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz M, Ruiz-González A, Masuda R, Pertoldi C (2012) Conservation genetics of the genus Martes: assessing within-species movements, units to conserve, and connectivity across ecological and evolutionary time. In: Aubry KB, Zielinski WJ, Raphael MG, Proulx G, Buskirk S (eds) Biology and conservation of martens, sables, and fishers: a new synthesis. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, pp 398–428

    Google Scholar 

  • Segovia J-M, Torres J, Miquel J, Sospedra E, Guerrero R, Feliu C (2007) Analysis of helminth communities of the pine marten, Martes martes, in Spain: mainland and insular data. Acta Parasitol 52:156–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheehy E, O’Meara DB, O’Reilly C, Smart A, Lawton C (2014) A non-invasive approach to determining pine marten abundance and predation. Eur J Wildl Res 60:223–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheehy E, Sutherland C, O’Reilly C, Lambin X (2018) The enemy of my enemy is my friend: native pine marten recovery reverses the decline of the red squirrel by suppressing grey squirrel populations. Proc R Soc B 285:20172603

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sommer RS, Nadachowski A (2006) Glacial refugia of mammals in Europe: evidence from fossil records. Mammal Rev 36:251–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stankevičiūtė J, Pėtelis K, Brazaitis G, Šidlauskas G (2013) The age structure of the pine marten (Martes martes L.) population in the Lithuanian mixed-deciduous forest. Acta Biol Univ Daugavp 13:115–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone KD, Cook JA (2002) Molecular evolution of Holarctic martens (genus Martes, Mammalia: Carnivora: Mustelidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 24:169–179

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Storch I, Lindström ER, de Jounge J (1990) Diet and habitat selection of the pine marten in relation to competition with the red fox. Acta theriol 35:311–320

    Google Scholar 

  • Torretta E, Mosini A, Piana M, Tirozzi P, Serafini M, Puopolo F, Balestrieri A (2017) Time partitioning in mesocarnivore communities from different habitats of NW Italy: insights into martens’ competitive abilities. Behaviour 154:241–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Twining JP, Birks JDS, Martin JW, Tosh DG (2018) Food caching as observed through use of den boxes by European pine martens (Martes martes). Mamm Commun 4:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Twining JP, Montgomery WI, Price L, Kunc HP, Tosh DG (2020) Native and invasive squirrels show different behavioural responses to scent of a shared native predator. R Soc Open Sci 7:191841

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Tyutenkov OY, Budz AV (2014) Dynamics of geographic range and occurrence of pine marten (Martes martes L.) in the south-east forest zone of western Siberia. Achiev Life Sci 8:170–171

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Den Berge K, Gouwy J (2011) Hot spot for pine marten (Martes martes) and first record of a natal den in Flanders (Belgium). Lutra 54:99–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Brand JMA, van Leeuwen M, Schapendonk CM, Simon JH, Haagmans BL, Osterhaus ADME, Smits SL (2012) Metagenomic analysis of the viral flora of pine marten and European badger feces. J Virol 86:2360–2365

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Van Maanen E (2013) Onderscheid tussen boom-en steenmarter in de hand, in het veld en op foto. Masterpassen 19:66–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Vercillo F, Ragni B (2011) Morphometric discrimination between Martes martes and Martes foina in Italy: the use of the baculum. Hystrix Ital J Mamm 22:325–331

    Google Scholar 

  • Vergara M, Cushman SA, Urra F, Ruiz-Gonzalez A (2016) Shaken but not stirred: multiscale habitat suitability modelling of sympatric marten species (Martes martes and Martes foina) in the northern Iberian Peninsula. Landsc Ecol 31:1241–1260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker D, Gregory WF, Turnbull D, Rocchi M, Meredith AL, Philbey AW, Sharp CP (2017) Novel adenoviruses detected in British mustelids, including a unique Aviadenovirus in the tissues of pine martens (Martes martes). J Med Microbiol 66(8):1177–1182

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wikenros C, Ståhlberg S, Sand H (2014) Feeding under high risk of intraguild predation: vigilance patterns of two medium-sized generalist predators. J Mammal 95:862–870

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson DE, Reeder DM (2005) Mammal species of the world (MSW). A taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edn. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, p 2142

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Worthen GL, Kilgore DL (1981) Metabolic rate of pine marten in relation to air temperature. J Mammal 62:624–628

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A (2000) Factors affecting the duration of activity by pine martens (Martes martes) in the Bialowieża National Park, Poland. J Zool Lond 251:439–447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A (2004) Geographical and seasonal variation in food habits and prey size of European pine martens. In: Harrison DJ, Fuller AK, Proulx G (eds) Martens and fishers in human-altered environments: an international perspective. Springer, London, pp 78–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A (2007) Does size dimorphism reduce competition between sexes? The diet of male and female pine martens at local and wider geographical scales. Acta Theriol 52:237–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A (2012) Alternative strategies in the acquisition of home ranges by male pine martens in a high-density population. Acta Theriol 57:371–375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A, Jędrzejewski W (2006) Spatial organisation and dynamics of the pine marten Martes martes population in Bialowieza Forest (E Poland) compared with other European woodlands. Ecography 29:31–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zalewski A, Jędrzejewski W, Jędrzejewska B (2004) Mobility and home range use by pine martens (Martes martes) in a Polish primeval forest. Écoscience 11:113–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhigileva ON, Politov DV, Golovacheva IM, Petrovicheva SV (2014) Genetic variability of sable Martes zibellina L., pine marten M. martes L., and their hybrids in Western Siberia: protein and DNA polymorphism. Russ J Genet 50:508–517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Alessandro Balestrieri

Authors
  1. Alessandro Balestrieri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alessandro Balestrieri .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Managment, University of Natural Resources and Life, Wien, Austria

    Klaus Hackländer

  2. Säugetiersammlung, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien, Austria

    Frank E. Zachos

Section Editor information

  1. Envix Lab – Department Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy

    Anna Loy

  2. Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Paolo Ciucci

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Balestrieri, A. (2023). Pine Marten Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Hackländer, K., Zachos, F.E. (eds) Handbook of the Mammals of Europe. Handbook of the Mammals of Europe. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65038-8_129-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65038-8_129-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-65038-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-65038-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation