Abstract
In primary sensory neurons of the spinal and trigeminal somatosensory system, cold-sensitivity is strongly dependent on the functional balance between TRPM8 channels, the main molecular entity responsible for the cold-activated excitatory current, and Shaker-like Kv1.1–1.2 potassium channels, the molecular counterpart underlying the excitability brake current IKD. This slow-inactivating outward K+ current reduces the excitability of cold thermoreceptor neurons increasing their thermal threshold, and prevents unspecific activation by cold of neurons of other somatosensory modalities. Here we examine the main biophysical properties of this current in primary sensory neurons, its central role in cold thermotransduction, and its contribution to alterations in cold sensitivity triggered by peripheral nerve damage.
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Abbreviations
- 4-AP:
-
4-AminoPyridine
- CCI:
-
Chronic Constriction Injury
- CIN:
-
Cold-Insensitive Neuron
- CSN:
-
Cold-Sensitive Neuron
- DRG:
-
Dorsal Root Ganglia
- DTx-K:
-
Dendrotoxin-K
- HT-CSN:
-
High-Threshold Cold-Sensitive Neuron
- Kv1.1:
-
Potassium Voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1
- Kv1.2:
-
Potassium Voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2
- LT-CSN:
-
Low-Threshold Cold-Sensitive Neuron
- PBMC:
-
1-phenylethyl-4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzyl(2-aminoethyl) carbamate
- TEA:
-
Tetraethylamonium
- TG:
-
Trigeminal Ganglia
- TRPM8:
-
Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 channel
- TsTx:
-
Tityustoxin-Kα
- TTx:
-
Tetrodotoxin
- α-DTx:
-
α-Dendrotoxin
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Acknowledgements
Supported by Grants FONDECYT 1161733 and 1131064 (RM), CONICYT ACT-1113 (RM, PO, MP, GU), FONDECYT 1130862 (PO), FONDECYT 11130144 (MP) and FONDECYT 3150431 (AG). GH holds a CONICYT PhD fellowship. RM thanks Dr. F. Viana and VRIDEI-USACH. We also thank Dr. J. Gómez-Sánchez for his contribution. RM&MP Lab thanks R. Pino and M. Campos for excellent technical assistance. The Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso is a Millennium Science Institute funded by the Ministry of Economy, Chile. MiNICAD is a Millennium Science Nucleus funded by the Ministry of Economy, Chile.
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González, A. et al. (2017). IKD Current in Cold Transduction and Damage-Triggered Cold Hypersensitivity. In: von Bernhardi, R., Eugenín, J., Muller, K. (eds) The Plastic Brain. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1015. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_14
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