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Bioremediation of Mined Waste Land

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Handbook of Environmental Materials Management

Abstract

The economic development and ever growing industrialization has improved the GDP and hence standard of living in the entire countries of the world. But all these are accompanied with environmental degradation as a price of development. Mining is very important next only to agriculture and also critical to the development of a nation. So far, most mining activities have been unscientific with scant respect for environmental protection. It effects the environment by way of soil erosion (water and wind), soil salinization/alkalization/acidification, water logging, etc. The damages to land go on increasing with accelerated rates and land is degraded with their cumulative effects.

Land is most important basic natural resource and influences every sphere of human activity. Soil sustains all life forms on the planet. Healthy soil is indeed alive and is a complex and dynamic combination of geology, topography, hydrology, soil, and flora and fauna, that is, minerals, bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, worms, insects, etc. Land sources are limited and population size is increasing day by day. To fulfill the requirements of ever increasing population, the pressure is exerted on agriculture to supply future food and fiber needs. The agriculture community is facing a great challenge to enhance the production. India occupies 2.4% of the global geographical area and shares 16% of human population and 15% of livestock population. This scenario has necessitated proper demarcation of productive and nonproductive lands, particularly the wastelands that could be treated and reclaimed for productive use. To meet the challenge, the focus is on the restoration of degraded land and understands the complexities and interactions of soil biological system and agro-ecosystem as a whole. Soil microorganisms play an important role in reclamation of such degraded lands and have important influence on soil fertility and plant health.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Nisha Rani is thankful to UGC, New Delhi, India for financial assistance in the form of UGC- PDF for Women fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of BioSciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India

    Nisha Rani & Anand Sagar

  2. Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India

    Hardeep Rai Sharma

  3. University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarika, New Delhi, India

    Anubha Kaushik

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  1. Nisha Rani
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  2. Hardeep Rai Sharma
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  3. Anubha Kaushik
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  4. Anand Sagar
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  1. Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey InstTech, 151 D Tiernan-NJIT Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain Ph. D

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Rani, N., Sharma, H.R., Kaushik, A., Sagar, A. (2018). Bioremediation of Mined Waste Land. In: Hussain, C. (eds) Handbook of Environmental Materials Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_79-1

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