Introduction
The basal ganglion in amniotes (mammals, birds, and reptiles) is a part of the forebrain telencephalon, located below or ventral to the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia receive information about the position of the body in space and the motivational state of the animal. The basal ganglia is divided into an upper or dorsal division which underlies the control of voluntary movement and motor learning and consists of the striatum and the globus pallidus or pallidum (GP; “pale globe”), based on its appearance in brain sections. The ventral striatum (consisting of the nucleus accumbens, Ac, and olfactory tubercle, TuO) and the ventral pallidum (VP) together constitute the ventral basal ganglia, which are important for emotional and visceral functions.
A proper understanding of striatal function is only possible in context with its cellular composition and that of corticothalamic basal ganglia loops present in the amniote brain (Fig. 1). The striatum is composed mainly of...
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Kumar, S., Iyengar, S. (2022). Avian Striatal Complex. In: Vonk, J., Shackelford, T.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1441
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1441
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