Charcot Neuroarthropathy

Abstract

Charcot neuroarthropathy is a common complication of peripheral neuropathy. Today, it is most commonly seen in patients with diabetes mellitus but was classically seen in patients with tabes dorsalis. It is thought to be due to a loss of protective sensation in the foot and ankle. Commonly misdiagnosed as infection, it is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of Charcot joints early so appropriate treatment can be initiated. Unrecognized Charcot joints can lead to progressive deformity and loss of mobility due to the increased risk of infection and amputation. The goals of treatment are to maintain alignment and stability through the evolution of the Charcot process in order to preserve patient mobility and prevent complications. Treatment options depend on the stage of the Charcot joint and the joints involved. Conservative treatment usually begins with modified weight bearing and total contact casting, but may progress to surgical intervention if conservative measures fail.