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Advancement in Development of Biodiesel Production in the Last Two Decades: An Indian Overview on Raw Materials, Synthesis, By-products, and Application

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Sustainable Biofuels Development in India

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Abstract

The fossil fuel resources are depleting at a faster rate, and environmental concerns are increasing worldwide. Therefore, there is a need to explore renewable energy resources to meet the increasing energy demands and to reduce the environmental pollution. Biodiesel is one of such renewable resources. This chapter reviews the advancements taking place in the development of biodiesel processes in India, particularly for raw materials, synthesis, by-products, and applications. India has huge potential to produce biodiesel from nonedible feedstocks (such as Jatropha curcas, Pongamia pinnata, Neem, Castor, Karanja, and Rubber seed) which are widely available. Algal oil has also been explored as a biodiesel feedstock. The USA and European Union are using edible oil as feedstock for the production of biodiesel. However, India cannot afford edible oil as the needs of the country are met by imports up to 50%. Several processes (such as co-solvent, enzymatic, microwave, and ultrasound) have been explored for the production of biodiesel. Use of biodiesel as a transportation fuel reduces emission of harmful pollutants such as CO2 (global warming), NOx (photochemical smog), and SOx (acid rain). It also helps in rural upliftment by increasing employment in agriculture sector. The main by-product of biodiesel production is the crude glycerol, and in this chapter, various applications of this by-product have been discussed.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India

    Mahboob Alam, Santosh Kumar Yedla, Sandup Tshering Bhutia, Vaibhav V. Goud & Nageswara Rao Peela

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  1. Mahboob Alam
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  2. Santosh Kumar Yedla
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  4. Vaibhav V. Goud
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  5. Nageswara Rao Peela
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Correspondence to Nageswara Rao Peela .

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  1. Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira (Sugarcane Technology Centre, CTC), Piracicaba, Fazenda Santo Antonio, Santo Antonio, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Anuj K. Chandel

  2. Centre for Biofuels Microbial Processes & Technology Division, CSIR, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Rajeev K. Sukumaran

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Alam, M., Yedla, S.K., Bhutia, S.T., Goud, V.V., Peela, N.R. (2017). Advancement in Development of Biodiesel Production in the Last Two Decades: An Indian Overview on Raw Materials, Synthesis, By-products, and Application. In: Chandel, A., Sukumaran, R. (eds) Sustainable Biofuels Development in India. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50219-9_7

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