Abstract
Neoliberal bureaucratization of the feminist movement refers to the way norms, rules, and practices stemming from the management and the market are proliferated within feminist organizations and to the way they are enforced, through accountability mechanisms. The managerial language proliferates within feminist NGOs and is co-produced through interactions with other fields and intermediary bodies, such as public or private donors, establishing a common modus operandi based on rationality, good governance and good practices, efficiency, and impartiality, evaluated through criteria and indicators, through auditing mechanisms, that ultimately monitor the institutional life of organizations. This contributes to the creation of new subjects—feminist NGO professionals and NGO beneficiaries and new markets—the NGO market, for gender experts and consultants. The feminist logic clashes with the neoliberal bureaucratization logic and feminist activists in NGOs reflect about ways to counter the market logic, its norms, and rules and to resist to the extension of a management inspired modus operandi in their work, often brought by subsidizing bodies or state institutions with whom they collaborate. Neoliberal bureaucratization is a kaleidoscopic process, in which new moves of actors, new norms and procedures, refined rules or new arrangements, create shifting configurations in a multidimensional and dynamic space, mediated by power, resistance, and language that bring together heterogeneous practices, domains, and actors, into a mode of functioning based on a common framework, stemming from the market and management world.
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Notes
- 1.
Alex, CPE, Bucharest; Claudia, Filia, Bucharest; Ilinca, Filia, Bucharest; Nicole, Counselor popular education, Ministry of Culture, Childhood and Popular Education, Brussels; Françoise, LMSF, Brussels.
- 2.
Nicole, Vie féminine, Brussels; Caroline, LMSF, Isala, Brussels.
- 3.
Nicole, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 4.
Laure, Garance, Brussels; Nicole, Vie feminine, Brussels.
- 5.
Nicole Vie feminine, Brussels.
- 6.
Claudia, Filia, Bucharest.
- 7.
Sabina 2, CPE.
- 8.
Nour, Garance, Brussels; Sibiu; Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels; Simone, Garance, Brussels; Clara 1, ALEG, Sibiu.
- 9.
Clara 1, ALEG, Sibiu.
- 10.
See the changes in the popular education decree from 2003 regarding the new criteria used to identify the popular classes Welter (2013, 6).
- 11.
Clara 2—ALEG, Sibiu.
- 12.
Clara 2—ALEG, Sibiu.
- 13.
Françoise—LMSF, Brussels.
- 14.
Study day—Professionnalisation! Nouveaux défis en temps de crise, 30 November, 2016, Sophia, Brussels.
- 15.
Françoise LMSF, Brussels.
- 16.
Caroline LMSF, Isala, Brussels.
- 17.
Caroline LMSF, Isala, Brussels.
- 18.
Caroline LMSF, Isala, Brussels.
- 19.
Virginie, Vie féminine, Maison Mosaïque, Brussels.
- 20.
Nadia, Vie féminine.
- 21.
Virginie Vie féminine, Maison Mosaïque, Brussels.
- 22.
Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels; Els, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 23.
Nicole Vie féminine; Ministry of Culture, Childhood and Popular Education, Brussels.
- 24.
Nicole Vie féminine; Ministry of Culture, Childhood and Popular Education, Brussels.
- 25.
Ilinca, Filia, Bucharest.
- 26.
Mara, Front, Bucharest.
- 27.
Teodora, Front, Bucharest.
- 28.
Teodora, Front, Bucharest; informal discussions with members of Front during the fieldwork.
- 29.
Nicole, Counselor popular education, Ministry of Culture, Childhood and Popular Education, Brussels.
- 30.
Nicole, Counselor popular education, Ministry of Culture, Childhood and Popular Education, Brussels.
- 31.
Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 32.
Françoise, LMSF, Brussels; Catherine, Garance, Brussels; Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels; Els, Vie féminine, Brussels; Simone, Garance, Brussels; Mona, Université des Femmes, Brussels; Zoe 2, Front, Bucharest; Monica, ALEG, Sibiu; Florina 2, Filia, Bucharest; Greta, CPE, Bucharest; Ana 2—Front, Bucharest; Clara 1, ALEG, Sibiu.
- 33.
Mona, Université des Femmes, Brussels.
- 34.
Catherine, Garance, Brussels.
- 35.
Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 36.
Simone, Garance, Brussels.
- 37.
Simone, Garance, Brussels.
- 38.
Mona, Université des Femmes, Brussels.
- 39.
Zoe 2, Front, Bucharest.
- 40.
Monica, ALEG, Sibiu.
- 41.
Florina 2—Filia, Bucharest.
- 42.
Valérie Ministry of Education, Social Promotion, Youth, Women’s Rights and Equal Opportunities, Brussels.
- 43.
Study day “Professionalization! New challenges in times of crisis” organized on the 30th of November 2016, in Brussels.
- 44.
Nadia—Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 45.
Marina CPE Bucharest.
- 46.
Nadia, Vie féminine, Brussels; Louise, Isala, Brussels.
- 47.
Claudia, Filia, Bucharest; Alex, CPE, Bucharest.
- 48.
Van Der Vleuten Anna (2016) regional social and gender governance.
- 49.
Cod numeric personal.
- 50.
Alex CPE, Bucharest.
- 51.
- 52.
Sabina CPE, Bucharest.
- 53.
Virginie, Vie féminine, Maison Mosaïque, Brussels.
- 54.
Virginie, Vie féminine, Maison Mosaïque, Brussels.
- 55.
Virginie, Vie féminine, Maison Mosaïque, Brussels.
- 56.
Laure Garance, Brussels; Catherine, Garance, Brussels.
- 57.
Catherine, Garance, Brussels.
- 58.
Nour, Garance, Brussels.
- 59.
Cathrine, Garance, Brussels.
- 60.
Caroline, LMSF, Isala, Brussels.
- 61.
Simone, Garance, Brussels.
- 62.
Clara 1, ALEG, Sibiu.
- 63.
Marina CPE, Bucharest; Laura, CPE, Bucharest.
- 64.
https://www.mamapan.ro/povestea-noastra/ accessed May 22, 2019.
- 65.
Marina, CPE, Bucharest.
- 66.
The acronym “sefa” means boss, manager over other employees.
- 67.
Ilinca, Filia, Bucharest; http://kcmc.ro/proiecte/finalizate/s-e-f-a-sanse-egale-pentru-femei-active/ accessed July 14, 2019.
- 68.
https://www.apefasbl.org/les-fonds-maribel-emploi accessed July 14, 2019.
- 69.
Laure, Garance, Brussels.
- 70.
Els, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 71.
Laure, Garance, Brussels; Louise, Isala, Brussels.
- 72.
Erna, Université des Femmes, Brussels; Françoise, LMSF, Brussels; Sara Femmes Prevoyantes Socialistes (FPS); Laure, Garance, Brussels; Catherine, Garance, Brussels; Louise, Isala, Brussels.
- 73.
Catherine—Garance, Brussels.
- 74.
Erna, Université des Femmes.
- 75.
Françoise, LMSF, Brussels.
- 76.
Claudia, Filia, Bucharest.
- 77.
Els, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 78.
Els, Vie féminine, Brussels.
- 79.
http://www.viefeminine.be/spip.php?rubrique496 accessed July 14, 2019.
- 80.
http://www.viefeminine.be/spip.php?article2869 accessed July 14, 2019.
- 81.
Nour Garance, Brussels.
- 82.
Lidia, Dysnomia, Bucharest; Silvia Biblioteca Alternativa, Bucharest; Nour, Garance, Brussels; Monique, Sophia, Fat Positivity Belgium, Brussels.
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Ana, A. (2024). Neoliberal Bureaucratization and Feminist Movement Organizations. In: The NGOization of Social Movements in Neoliberal Times. Gender and Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45131-7_7
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