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Der Kampf um Identität: Autonomie und die Ureinwohner

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Politischer Kampf in Lateinamerika

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Zusammenfassung

Dieses Kapitel überprüft die politischen Kämpfe der Ureinwohner um Identität in Lateinamerika. Dieser Kampf hat dazu geführt, dass die Identität der Ureinwohner zu verschiedenen Zeiten verleugnet, umgestaltet, ausgehandelt, auferlegt, angeeignet, kommerzialisiert und politisiert wurde. Das Kapitel beginnt mit einem historischen Überblick über die Ureinwohner und diskutiert dann zeitgenössische politische Mobilisierungen der Ureinwohner in der gesamten Region. Es verfolgt dann den Anstieg der Identität der Ureinwohner in den letzten drei Jahrzehnten und die sowohl positiven als auch negativen Rollen, die die Globalisierung gespielt hat. Die Globalisierung stärkte die Ureinwohnergruppen, indem sie über Grenzen hinweg reichten, und eröffnete neue Schauplätze für den Kampf innerhalb internationaler Organisationen und Instrumente. Aber sie brachte auch neue Herausforderungen mit sich, die sich in dem Aufstieg des neo-entwicklungsstaatlichen Staates zeigen, der oft von einer extraktiven Wirtschaft abhängt, die in die Territorien der Ureinwohner eingreift. Das Kapitel erkennt auch an, wie Ungleichheit und bestimmte Merkmale politischer Institutionen, wie Exekutivmacht, fragmentierte Parteiensysteme und Gesetzgebungen und ineffektive Justizsysteme, Barrieren für die Mobilisierung geschaffen haben. Obwohl ihre Kämpfe noch gewaltig sind, stehen die Ureinwohner in vielen Ländern heute als ein viel relevanterer und einflussreicherer politischer Akteur als in der Vergangenheit da. Fortschritte im Kampf um Identität gingen notwendigerweise dem Wachstum der politischen Ermächtigung voraus.

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  1. Department of Political Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA

    Craig L. Arceneaux

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Arceneaux, C.L. (2024). Der Kampf um Identität: Autonomie und die Ureinwohner. In: Politischer Kampf in Lateinamerika. Springer VS, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44681-8_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44681-8_2

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