Abstract
Digital building models are increasingly available and used as sources to inform geospatial data sets. This poses the requirement to spatially locate building models in the geospatial context. In this paper, we present a case study on transferring georeference during conversion from digital building models in IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) to OpenStreetMap (OSM). First, we provide a condensed overview of how coordinates in IFC’s local engineering coordinate systems are related to geospatial reference systems with examples for different constellations. Second, we demonstrate a simple method to enrich IFC datasets with georeferences using existing OpenStreetMap outlines. In the third part we describe two substantially different methods to convert engineering coordinates into geospatial coordinates and show how these methods are implemented in two opensource software packages. Finally, we verify and compare the methods with a set of sample IFC and OSM data.
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Notes
- 1.
We refer to the respective ISO-approved versions 2.3.0.1 (IFC2x3 TC1) and 4.0.2.1 (IFC4 ADD2 TC1) when using the short forms IFC2x3 and IFC4.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
JOSM Indoorhelper plugin: https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/JOSM/Plugins/indoorhelper.
- 5.
JOSM, an extensible editor for OSM https://josm.openstreetmap.de/.
- 6.
Simple Indoor Tagging is a data model to represent indoor building data directly in OSM https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Simple_Indoor_Tagging.
- 7.
LevelOut project: https://bauinformatik.github.io/levelout/.
- 8.
Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), https://www.ifcwiki.org/index.php?title=KIT_IFC_Examples.
- 9.
Schependomlaan data set: https://github.com/buildingSMART/Sample-Test-Files/tree/master/IFC%202x3/Schependomlaan.
- 10.
BuildingSMART IFC4 georeferencing demo : https://github.com/buildingSMART/Sample-Test-Files/tree/master/IFC%204.0/Example%20project%20location.
- 11.
Interestingly, this could be seen as an appropriate model for construction processes. As these processes follow the laws of gravity, concrete floats curvy like the ocean in the large scale and buildings are erected vertically using plumbs. However, in the small scale the simplicity of Euclidean geometry wins over the precision of spherical geometry.
- 12.
For a depiction of the topocentric coordinate system refer to the description of the first part of the conversion: https://proj.org/en/9.2/operations/conversions/topocentric.html.
- 13.
Indoor= https://indoorequal.org.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the German Federal Ministry of Digital and Transport (BMDV) through grant 19F1095A. We would like to thank the Chemnitz University of Technology for providing building reference data and contributions to the OpenStreetMap project, such as IndoorHelper. The outcome of this paper has also been supported by the City of Dresden by providing the demonstration object Public Administration, which is gratefully acknowledged. We also like to thank the contributors of the buildingSMART sample files, Schependomlaan Nijmegen and Gymzaal Amersfoort.
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Tauscher, H., Heigener, D., Krishnakumar, S., Graichen, T., Schmidt, R., Richter, J. (2024). IFC Georeferencing for OSM. In: Kolbe, T.H., Donaubauer, A., Beil, C. (eds) Recent Advances in 3D Geoinformation Science. 3DGeoInfo 2023. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43699-4_12
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