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Application of Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges in Soil and Aquifer Bioremediation

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Nanosponges for Environmental Remediation

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Abstract

Bioremediation of wastewater contaminated by organic/inorganic pollutants has become the biggest challenge and is now seen as an essential requisite worldwide. The conventional or the present methods/techniques employed for water remediation have their limitations and drawbacks. In quest of finding a solution to this hard-pressing necessity, various groups and scientists have developed one such material which could provide a solution to improve the process of soil bioremediation and wastewater remediation which is the use of cyclodextrins (CDs) and CD-based nanosponges. Nanosponges are tiny structures composed of porous material which generally binds or absorbs concomitants. Especially cyclodextrin based nanosponges have been found to be very efficient in the elimination of varied pollutants from different soil and wastewater. The nanosponges synthesized under controlled conditions may be designed and tuned for the removal of particular contaminants from the sources. These pollutants include heavy metals, small organic molecules (including pharmaceutical waste), and dyes from industries. Besides, being efficient and specific to pollutants, nanosponges do not impose any toxicity on living species. Various groups of researchers have documented that nanosponges can be used for the process of bioremediation and hence as a great alternative to conventional technologies. Other than their usage in environmental bioremediation, nanosponges have a variety of applications in day-to-day life like in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, bio-medicinal applications, catalysis, etc.

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Abbreviations

2-MIB:

2-Methylisoborneol

BET:

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller

BTEX:

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene

CD:

Cyclodextrin

CGTases:

Cycloglycosyl transferase amylases

CDNS:

Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges

CuAAC:

Cu-catalyzed azido-alkyne cycloaddition

DBPs:

Disinfection by products

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DPC:

Diphenyl carbonate

EDC:

Endocrine disrupting compounds

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

GC/MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

HNTs:

Halloysite nanotubes

HNT-CD:

Halloysite–cyclodextrin nanosponges

HPBCD:

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

HPBCD-NP:

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin nonylphenol

MN-PCDP:

Magnetic nanoparticles porous β-CD polymer

MTBE:

Methyl tert-butyl ether

NOM:

Natural organic matter

NP:

Nonylphenol

NPEs:

Nonylphenol ethoxylates

PAHs:

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons

PAN:

1-(2-Pyridylazo) 2-napthol

PBDEs:

Polybrominated diphenyls

PCBs:

Polychlorinated biphenyls

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SERS:

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

SPE:

Solid phase extraction

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analyzer

USEPA:

United States Environmental Protection Agency

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India

    Shefali Shukla

  2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, 110016, India

    Bulbul Sagar & Sarthak Gupta

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  1. Shefali Shukla
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  2. Bulbul Sagar
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  3. Sarthak Gupta
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Correspondence to Shefali Shukla .

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  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Sri Venkateswara College, Dhaula Kuan, Delhi, India

    Shikha Gulati

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© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

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Shukla, S., Sagar, B., Gupta, S. (2023). Application of Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges in Soil and Aquifer Bioremediation. In: Gulati, S. (eds) Nanosponges for Environmental Remediation . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41077-2_7

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