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General Introduction and Economic Analysis

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Engineering Granular Microbiomes

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

In industrialized countries, the wastewater treatment sector shifts paradigms to achieve sustainability on top of environmental and health protection. Biological processes designed for nutrient removal are economically attractive and enable the coupling of wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Compact designs are required to remove nutrients at high rate with low footprint, energy, and resource expenditures. Biofilm and granular sludge processes are intensive alternatives to conventional activated sludge configurations. The aerobic granular sludge technology enables the simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and the clarification of effluents in single sequencing batch reactors. By intensifying wastewater treatment, it supports the integration of advanced processes to valorize resources and eliminate emerging contaminants. An economic analysis was conducted here to address the savings in costs associated with municipal wastewater treatment, based on capital and operating expenditures related to the technology. Implementing granular sludge processes in a Swiss WWTP of 200,000 person equivalents could lead to annual savings of approximately 6 million Swiss francs. Microbiological and biotechnological research can support the fundamental understanding of granular sludge phenomena, the development of ecological engineering principles for process design, and the expansion of the technology as a new standard for biological wastewater treatment.

Apart from being better, an innovation needs to be cheaper as well.

(van der Roest and van Loosdrecht 2012)

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Background photo from WWTP Thunersee at the foothills of Eiger, Mönch, and Jungfrau mountains in the Swiss Alps. This WWTP was closely linked to research investigations of this book. It is one of the few WWTPs in Switzerland that removes all nutrients biologically. It served as the source of seed sludge for the research chapters of this work.

  2. 2.

    https://sdgs.un.org/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981.

  3. 3.

    de Kreuk and Weissbrodt (conference chairs), International Water Association, Biofilms Specialist Group, “IWA Biofilms: Granular Sludge Conference 2018”, Delft, The Netherlands. www.granularsludgeconference.org.

  4. 4.

    Link to electronic website: www.dhv.com/nereda.

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Acknowledgements

Philippe Zaza (BASF Suisse SA) and Thierry Meyer (EPFL, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering) for their advice on the economic assessment of the granular sludge technology.

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  1. Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Prof. Dr. David Gregory Weissbrodt

  2. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Prof. Dr. David Gregory Weissbrodt

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Weissbrodt, D.G. (2024). General Introduction and Economic Analysis. In: Engineering Granular Microbiomes. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41009-3_1

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