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Cold-Water Corals of the World: Gulf of Mexico

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Cold-Water Coral Reefs of the World

Part of the book series: Coral Reefs of the World ((CORW,volume 19))

Abstract

The Gulf of Mexico is a semi-enclosed sea that borders the USA and Mexico and covers approximately 1.5 million square kilometers. The northern Gulf is topographically complex and is a rich source of oil and gas deposits, which has led to a great deal of research on benthic ecosystems from the coastal zone to the deep sea. While not fully explored, the distribution of cold seeps and deep corals in the northern Gulf is reasonably well described. The eastern Gulf has a moratorium on energy industry development and consequently less exploration and research has been conducted in this region; however, recent explorations have revealed deep scleractinian reefs on the west Florida slope and extensive octocoral gardens on the deep escarpment. The Gulf is a productive sea with lucrative fisheries in addition to oil and gas. Exploitation of natural resources and potential climate change impacts threaten vulnerable ecosystems in the Gulf, including those in the deep sea. This chapter describes the oceanography and geology of the Gulf of Mexico, presents the current state of the knowledge of cold-water coral distribution, physiology and ecology, and provides an assessment of the threats to these vulnerable ecosystems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coastal and Marine Lab, Florida State University, St. Teresa, FL, USA

    Sandra Brooke

  2. US Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Amanda Demopoulos

  3. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    Harry Roberts

  4. Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jay Lunden

  5. Oceanic Ecology Lab, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, USA

    Tracey Sutton

  6. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA

    Andrew Davies

  7. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA

    Andrew Davies

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  1. Sandra Brooke
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  2. Amanda Demopoulos
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  3. Harry Roberts
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  4. Jay Lunden
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  5. Tracey Sutton
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  6. Andrew Davies
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Correspondence to Sandra Brooke .

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  1. Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Erik Cordes

  2. Department of Ocean Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands

    Furu Mienis

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Brooke, S., Demopoulos, A., Roberts, H., Lunden, J., Sutton, T., Davies, A. (2023). Cold-Water Corals of the World: Gulf of Mexico. In: Cordes, E., Mienis, F. (eds) Cold-Water Coral Reefs of the World. Coral Reefs of the World, vol 19. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40897-7_3

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