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Afterword: The Wages of Global Experience, Post Unit Thinking, and Post Native Speaker Ideologies in Volunteer Tourism

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Voluntourism and Language Learning/Teaching

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Abstract

This Afterword expands the horizon of discussions offered in this volume by arguing that the volunteer tourists received “the Wages of Global Experience,” when they worked without compensation, through choosing underpaid internships, underpaid work, or putting up with harsh working conditions. As W.E.B. Du Bois and then David Roediger showed, the Wages of Whiteness both kept actual wages low and nurtured racism among the White working class. This Afterword argues that the Wages of Global Experience both encouraged free labor (i.e., volunteering) and valorized the global experience. The Wages of Global Experience is backgrounded by three discourses: globalism valorizing the global experience; immersion common in study abroad, commodifying the daily experience abroad; and volunteering as receiving something in return. This Afterword also offers two new concepts that defy standardization processes by reinterpreting the volume’s discussions of language volunteer tourism, which point to a possibility for a mutual volunteer-volunteered language learning process: “neo-immersion,” a method in which a fluid idiolect is taught one-on-one based on a modified Master-Apprentice Language Learning Program from the indigenous language revitalization movement; and the “comfortable speaker (formerly known as the “native speaker”)” notion which moves away from the concept of a “correct” system of language—the standard.

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  1. Ramapo College of New Jersey, Mahwah, NJ, USA

    Neriko Musha Doerr

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  1. University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Larissa Semiramis Schedel

  2. Grinnell College, Grinnell, IA, USA

    Cori Jakubiak

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Doerr, N.M. (2023). Afterword: The Wages of Global Experience, Post Unit Thinking, and Post Native Speaker Ideologies in Volunteer Tourism. In: Schedel, L.S., Jakubiak, C. (eds) Voluntourism and Language Learning/Teaching. Palgrave Advances in Language and Linguistics. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40813-7_10

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