Abstract
Among the most popular techniques for repairing and retrofitting masonry structures are those based on carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP), textile reinforced mortar (TRM) and mortar reinforced with electro-welded wire mesh (WWM). These techniques have demonstrated to perform well in laboratory experiments and in real seismic events. However, up to date, there is no experimental field technique able to assess the effectiveness of this intervention in a non-destructive manner. In this study, four full scale unreinforced masonry walls were constructed in laboratory and retrofitted using CFRP, TRM and WWM methods. The walls were tested under a quasi-static cyclic load pattern and their modal properties were identified at different levels of load and damage by applying low intensity impact.
The results reveal variations in the modal frequencies of all the walls. However, these variations were only significant when the reinforcements distributed on the entire face of the panel. When damage was affecting the support conditions, it can be only identified when it was originally generated and not its progression.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda. Santiago, Chile: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. https://redatam-ine.ine.cl/ (2017)
Instituto Nacional de Normalización Chile. Albañilería confinada - Requisitos de diseño y cálculo. Norma Chilena Oficial. NCh 2123 of 2003 (2003)
Instituto Nacional de Normalización. Albañilería Armada - Requisitos de diseño y cálculo. Norma Chilena Oficial. NCh 1928 of 2012 (2012)
Cruz, E., et al.: Lecciones del sismo del 3 de Marzo de 1985. Instituto Chileno del Cemento y el Hormigón, Santiago (1988)
Astroza, M., Moroni, M.O., Brzev, S., Tanner, J.: Seismic performance of engineered masonry buildings in the 2010 Maule earthquake. Earthq. Spectra 28(S1), S385–S406 (2012)
Oyarzo-Vera, C., Griffith, M.C.: The Mw 6.3 Abruzzo (Italy) earthquake of April 6th, 2009: on site observations. Bull. NZ. Soc. Earthq. Eng. 42(4), 302–307 (2009)
Ingham, J., Griffith, M.: Performance of unreinforced masonry buildings during the 2010 darfield (Christchurch, NZ) earthquake. Aust. J. Struct. Eng. 11(3), 207–224 (2010)
Sakr, M.A., El-Khoriby, S.R., Seleemah, A.A., Aboelnour, M.M. Osama, B.: Experimental and numerical investigation on cyclic behavior of masonry infilled RC frames retrofitted with partially bonded CFRP strips. Structures 33, 2238–2252. Elsevier. (2021)
Ozkaynak, H., Yuksel, E., Buyukozturk, O., Yalcin, C., Dindar, A.A.: Quasi-static and pseudo-dynamic testing of infilled RC frames retrofitted with CFRP material. Compos. B Eng. 42(2), 238–263 (2011)
Griffith, M.C., Kashyap, J., Ali, M.M.: Flexural displacement response of NSM FRP retrofitted masonry walls. Constr. Build. Mater. 49, 1032–1040 (2013)
Türkmen, Ö.S., Wijte, S.N., De Vries, B.T., Ingham, J.M.: Out-of-plane behavior of clay brick masonry walls retrofitted with flexible deep mounted CFRP strips. Eng. Struct. 228, 111448 (2021)
Torres, B., Ivorra, S., Baeza, F.J., Estevan, L., Varona, B.: Textile reinforced mortars (TRM) for repairing and retrofitting masonry walls subjected to in-plane cyclic loads. Exp. Appr. Eng. Struct. 231, 111742 (2021)
Padalu, P.K.V.R., Singh, Y., Das, S.: Experimental investigation of out-of-plane behaviour of URM wallettes strengthened using welded wire mesh. Constr. Build. Mater. 190, 1133–1153 (2018)
Oyarzo-Vera, C., Ingham, J., Chouw, N.: Vibration-based damage identification of an unreinforced masonry house model. Adv. Struct. Eng. 20(3), 331–351 (2016)
Oyarzo-Vera, C., Chouw, N.: Damage identification of unreinforced masonry panels using vibration-based techniques. Shock Vibrat. 2017 (2017)
Van Overschee, P., De Moor, B.: Subspace Identification for Linear Systems: Theory—Implementation—Applications. Springer, New York (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0465-4
Brincker, R., Zhang, L., Andersen, P.: Modal identification of output-only systems using frequency domain decomposition. Smart Mater. Struct. 10(3), 441 (2001)
Acknowledgement
This research was supported by ANID/CONICYT through FONDECYT Iniciación 11200117 and by Dirección de Investigación UCSC through DI-FME 05/2021. In addition, there was the support of Sika Chile, Ubique Ltd and Kerakoll by the donation of the material used for the reinforcement of the tested walls. Also, we appreciate the contribution of D. Ortiz, L. Lobos, D. Nova and J. Hermosilla during the experimental work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Oyarzo-Vera, C., Romero-Carrasco, J. (2023). Variation of the Dynamic Response of Retrofitted Masonry Walls at Different Stages of Damage. In: Limongelli, M.P., Giordano, P.F., Quqa, S., Gentile, C., Cigada, A. (eds) Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil Engineering Structures. EVACES 2023. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 432. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39109-5_70
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39109-5_70
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-39108-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-39109-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)