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Role of Plant Extracts and Biostimulant in Mitigating Plant Drought and Salinity Stress

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Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 2

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Abstract

Phytoconstituents influence biochemical and enzymatic processes by serving as substrates, cofactors, and inhibitors. Numerous phytochemicals have been utilized to cure a variety of illnesses and stop the spread of disease. They offer protection to plants from both biotic and abiotic stressors. It is important to improve their goods to acquire the best concentrations and identify acceptable alternative sources in order to save costs because the presence of bioactive chemicals varies in quantity. In this regard, many classes of components in plant extracts have been identified, including alkaloids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, fatty alcohols, terpenoids, indole, pyridine, essential oils, and phytosterols. Plant extracts and biostimulants, which are bioactive substances produced from plants, aid in the pro-ecological production of strategically important crops. In response to environmental stress, a variety of nitrogenous substances present in protein hydrolysates, including betaines, amino acids, polyamines, nonprotein amino acids, hormones, and others, act as biostimulants of plant growth, metabolic production, and recovery. Utilizing natural nanoparticles to minimize the negative effects of environmental pressures on plants is a relatively new area. Agriculture may employ nanoparticles in a lucrative and environmentally responsible way to deal with scarce water resources and to strengthen crops’ tolerance to drought stress. A seaweed (macroalgae) extract can boost plant growth and tolerance to harmful environmental factors like salt and drought by triggering biochemical and genetic pathways that give the plant resilience. The study of and application of phytochemicals as abiotic stress mitigators has significantly increased with the development of contemporary technologies. The utilization of plant extracts and biostimulants in their natural form or in nanometric form as environmentally benign external factors to aid plants in withstanding the detrimental effects of environmental conditions that occur in drought or salinity is discussed and described in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Horticultural Crops Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

    Shaimaa I. M. Elsayed

  2. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

    Ali S. Sabra & Elsayed A. Omer

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  1. Shaimaa I. M. Elsayed
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  2. Ali S. Sabra
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  3. Elsayed A. Omer
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Correspondence to Shaimaa I. M. Elsayed .

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

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Elsayed, S.I.M., Sabra, A.S., Omer, E.A. (2023). Role of Plant Extracts and Biostimulant in Mitigating Plant Drought and Salinity Stress. In: Hasanuzzaman, M. (eds) Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37428-9_25

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