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Phytohormones as Stress Mitigator in Plants

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Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 2

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Abstract

Climatic change causes many stresses to crops such as drought, salinity, heat, cold, and heavy metal. Abiotic factors in plants have gained global attention and many strategies have been carried out to alleviate these factors in plants. Several protective mechanisms are developed by plants to alleviate stress. These mechanisms include synthesis of phytohormones (organic substances) which are signaling molecules produced within plants at very low concentration. These include JA (jasmonic acid), melatonin, abscisic acid, polyamines, IAA (indole acetic acid), SA (salicylic acid), ethylene, PGPR-mediated phytohormones, brassinosteroids, and GA (gibberellic acid). Some new growth regulators such as strigolactones have been discovered in plants. Phytohormones are plant growth regulators at different stages of development. Extreme conditions, such as stress, initiate signaling pathways of phytohormones that orchestrate adaptive responses even at very low concentrations. This hormonal initiation regulates series of reactions which helps plants to grow in suboptimal growth phases. During abiotic stress conditions, phytohormones’ application helps plants to produce more osmolytes such as polyamines, proline, and others which protect cellular machinery of plants. This chapter deals with understanding the role and mechanism of phytohormones in plants for mitigation of stress.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Zain Ul Abidin, Safura Bibi & Muhammad Saad Ullah

  2. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Athar Mahmood

  3. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

    Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, Muhammad Ather Nadeem & Bilal Ahmad Khan

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Anjum Zia

  5. Biosaline Research Laboratories, Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

    Muhammad Azeem

  6. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    Bilal Ahmad Khan

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  1. Zain Ul Abidin
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  2. Athar Mahmood
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  3. Safura Bibi
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  4. Muhammad Mansoor Javaid
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  5. Muhammad Anjum Zia
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  6. Muhammad Saad Ullah
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  7. Muhammad Azeem
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  8. Muhammad Ather Nadeem
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  9. Bilal Ahmad Khan
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Correspondence to Athar Mahmood or Muhammad Mansoor Javaid .

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

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Ul Abidin, Z. et al. (2023). Phytohormones as Stress Mitigator in Plants. In: Hasanuzzaman, M. (eds) Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37428-9_24

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