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Recent Computational Investigations of Leaflet Flutter in Thinner Biological Heart Valve Tissues

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Frontiers in Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction and Flow Simulation

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Abstract

Valvular heart disease has recently become an increasing public health concern due to the high prevalence of valve degeneration in aging populations. For high-risk patients, bioprosthetic valve replacement through percutaneous procedures offers a minimally invasive option for treatment. However, the use of thinner, more flexible biological tissues in these valves can induce leaflet flutter during the cardiac cycle, which may lead to cardiovascular dysfunction and reduced valve durability. While previous studies have observed this phenomenon, the mechanics underlying leaflet flutter are not well understood. This chapter reviews two of the author’s recent computational studies of heart valve leaflet flutter in bioprosthetic tissues. Both investigations utilized high-fidelity computational methods to model aortic valve implants and isolate leaflet flutter phenomena and the fundamental mechanics that contribute to leaflet flutter. The results indicate that thinner tissues induce flutter in heart valve leaflets, and reduced flexural stiffness is the primary factor that induces flutter in these biological tissues. These studies provide essential knowledge about leaflet flutter and offer significant insight into possible developments in the design of bioprosthetic heart valves.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For the St. Venant–Kirchhoff material, note that the coupling stiffness is zero, and the flexural stiffness includes only bending contributions.

  2. 2.

    Supplemental information figures, tables, and movies from Johnson et al. [33] are indicated by “S–.” The [33] citation for supplemental figures, tables, and movies is not included in the remainder of the chapter for brevity.

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Acknowledgements

These studies were supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers R01HL129077 and R01HL142504. This support is gratefully acknowledged. The Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin is acknowledged for providing the HPC resources that contributed to the research results reported in these studies. Finally, the author would also like to acknowledge all the scholars who contributed to the papers reviewed in this book chapter.

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  1. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA

    Emily L. Johnson

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  1. Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Tayfun E. Tezduyar

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Johnson, E.L. (2023). Recent Computational Investigations of Leaflet Flutter in Thinner Biological Heart Valve Tissues. In: Tezduyar, T.E. (eds) Frontiers in Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction and Flow Simulation. Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology. Birkhäuser, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36942-1_6

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