Abstract
Integral to lower eyelid surgery is consideration of tearing and the lacrimal outflow apparatus. Understanding nasolacrimal apparatus anatomy and function allows for the correct treatment of medial eyelid pathology. Medial eyelid malposition can lead to tearing due to poor apposition of the puncta to the tear lake, while punctal stenosis can impair tear entry to the lacrimal outflow system. Proper assessment and management of the tear drainage apparatus is important in any patient undergoing medial lower eyelid surgery with or without epiphora symptoms. This chapter details tear drainage considerations in lower eyelid surgery.
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Nabavi, C.B., Mueller, A.J. (2023). Canalicular and Tearing Considerations. In: Tao, J.P. (eds) Plastic Surgery of the Lower Eyelids . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36175-3_5
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