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Past, Present and Future Volcanic Activity on El Hierro

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El Hierro Island

Part of the book series: Active Volcanoes of the World ((AVOLCAN))

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Abstract

El Hierro, the youngest island of the Canary Islands, emerged from the ocean floor only 1.2 Ma ago and it is still in its youngest stage (shield volcanism). During its growth, the island passed from the submarine stage to the subaerial activity, constructing an island that had been modified by at least six large destructive flank collapses or giant landslides, a common feature in the development of the basaltic oceanic islands. Throughout the period of its evolution, it showed different eruptive styles, develo** two main edifices. The last 160 kyrs the activity has been characterized by the rift volcanism, resulting in a three-arms rift construction. This chapter provides with a comprehensive picture of the evolution of the island and generate a baseline of knowledge that will encourage a further study on volcanic processes related to the hot spot volcanism. In this work, we describe, not only the geological evolution of the island, but also review the existed petrological, geochemical and geochronological data. Furthermore, we use this data to generate the probable future eruptive scenarios. We conclude with an updated and synthesized review of the recent 2011–2012 submarine eruption.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Geofísico de Canarias, Instituto Geográfico Nacional, C/La Marina 20, 2°, 38001, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

    Stavros Meletlidis

  2. Instituto de Ciencias de La Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile

    Laura Becerril

  3. Observatorio Geofísico Central, Instituto Geográfico Nacional, Alfonso XII, 3, 28014, Madrid, Spain

    Alicia Felpeto

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  1. Stavros Meletlidis
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  2. Laura Becerril
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  3. Alicia Felpeto
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Correspondence to Stavros Meletlidis .

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  1. Volcanology Research Group, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain

    Pablo J. González

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Meletlidis, S., Becerril, L., Felpeto, A. (2023). Past, Present and Future Volcanic Activity on El Hierro. In: González, P.J. (eds) El Hierro Island. Active Volcanoes of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35135-8_2

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