Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) refers to a series of disorders that affect the heart valves by altering their correct functioning; they are divided into two main categories: stenosis (defined as a narrowing of the valve orifice) and insufficiency (which causes a lack of coaptation of the valvular leaflets leading to a retrograde blood regurgitation) [1]. VHD encompasses several common cardiovascular conditions that account for 10% to 20% of all cardiac surgical procedures in the United States. The most frequent VHD occurs in the so-called left heart and therefore affects the aortic and mitral valves. With regard to the former, aortic valve stenosis (AVS) represents the most widespread valvulopathy in Western countries, mostly determined by the development of calcifications linked to ageing processes, reaching a prevalence of 3% in the population over 70 years of age [2]; the age of onset of severe AVS stenosis is 50 years for patients with bicuspid aortic valve and 30 years for patients with unicuspid aortic valve. In develo** countries, rheumatic disease remains the leading cause of aortic valvulopathy [2].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AVS:
-
Aortic valve stenosis
- COPD:
-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- MVI:
-
Mitral valve insufficiency
- MVP:
-
Mitral valve plasty
- TAVI:
-
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation
- VHD:
-
Valvular heart disease
References
Longo D, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. Harrison: principles of internal medicine, 18th ed., chap. 237.
Nkomo VT, Gardin JM, Skelton TN, Gottdiener JS, Scott CG, Enriquez-Sarano M. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet. 2006;368(9540):1005–11.
World Health Organization. Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2004;923:1.
Rosenhek R, Baumgartner H. Aortic stenosis. In: Otto CM, Bonow RO, editors. Valvular heart disease. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2013. p. 139–62.
Virmani R, Atkinson JB, Forman MB. The pathology of mitral valve prolapse. Herz. 1988;13(4):215–26.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings. The Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.
Mettler FA, Guiberteau MJ. Cardiovascular system mitral valve disorders essentials of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 7th ed. 2019.
Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Prosthetic heart valves: selection of the optimal prosthesis and long-term management. Circulation. 2009;119(7):1034–48.
Hote M. Cardiac surgery risk scoring systems: in quest for the best. Heart Asia. 2018;10(1):e011017.
Díez JG. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): the hype and the hope. Tex Heart Inst J. 2013;40(3):298–301.
Ozaki S, Kawase I, Yamashita H, Uchida S, Nozawa Y, Matsuyama T, et al. Aortic valve reconstruction using self-developed aortic valve plasty system in aortic valve disease. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2011;12(4):550–3.
Carpentier A. Carpentier’s reconstructive valve surgery, 1st ed. 2010.
Dager SR, Saal AK, Comess KA, et al. Mitral valve prolapse and the anxiety disorders. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1988;39(5):517–27.
Colombi I. Cardiovascular diseases: the issue of sexual counseling and the role of nursing in the management of problems related to the user’s sexual health. Bachelor thesis, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI). 2019.
Taylor Nelson AGB Healthcare. Impotence association survey: 2000–2001.
Hermann C, Brand-Driehorst S, Buss U, Ruger U. Effect of anxiety and depression on five-years mortality in 5,057 patients referred for exercise testing. J Psychosom Res. 2000;48:455–62.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Agrifoglio, M., Mastroiacovo, G., Gennari, M., Longhi, E.V. (2023). Chronic Valvular Heart Disease. In: Longhi, E.V. (eds) Managing Psychosexual Consequences in Chronic Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31307-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31307-3_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-31306-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-31307-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)