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Nanomaterials for Therapeutic and Theranostic Applications: Concepts, Applications, and Future Perspectives

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Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

Due to the encouraging outcomes, the use of nanomaterials has increased manifold for both therapeutic and theranostic applications. Recently, different strategies have been employed for develo** the targeted drug deliveries and their imaging and quantifications. Nowadays, more stringent efforts have been taken by researchers to accompany both therapeutic and diagnostic modalities within a single nanoparticulate carrier system. These systems are therefore referred to as nanotheranostics. The major focus of the present chapter is to discuss the challenges in develo** nanotheranostic nanomedicines. Merits offered by theranostics over conventional therapies have also been discussed briefly. A brief overview of the investigations on the therapeutic and theranostic nanomedicines for potential pharmaceutical and biomedical applications has been tabulated in the present piece of literature. Emerging theranostic nanocarriers have also been briefly discussed at the end of this chapter. Authors finally discuss the hurdles in the development of nanotheranostics and future opportunities therein. In authors’ opinion, the potential merits offered by the nanotheranostics or engineered nanotheranostics could improve personalized care in the treatment of chronic diseases, provided the toxicity and clinical aspects are addressed, in detail, before their entry into the commercial market as a potential delivery system.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

AIDS:

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

AIE:

Aggregation-induced emission

API:

Active pharmaceutical ingredients

Au:

Gold

Aβ:

Amyloid-β

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

CLSM:

Confocal laser scanning microscopy

CMD:

Carboxymethyl dextran

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

CT:

Computed tomography

CTAB:

N-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

DOX:

Doxorubicin

GNPs:

Gold nanoparticles

GO:

Graphene oxide

HAS:

Human serum albumin

IgG:

Immunoglobulin G

LF-AMF:

Low frequency alternating magnetic field

MLs:

Magnetoliposomes

MnO2:

Manganese dioxide

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MSNPs:

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles

MWCNTs:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

NCs:

Nanocrystals

NIH:

National Institute of Health

NIR:

Near-infrared region

NPs:

Nanoparticles

PDI:

Photodynamic inactivation

PDT:

Photodynamic therapy

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PLGA:

Poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid)

PPT:

Plasmonic photothermal therapy

QDs:

Quantum dots

RBC:

Red blood cells

RGO:

Reduced graphene oxide

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RTX:

Rituximab

SPIONs:

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

SWCNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

UCNPs:

Upconversion nanoparticles

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

ZnO:

Zinc oxide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India

    Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi

  2. UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Eliana B. Souto

  3. Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Eliana B. Souto

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  1. Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi
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Correspondence to Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India

    Chandrakantsing V. Pardeshi

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Pardeshi, C.V., Souto, E.B. (2023). Nanomaterials for Therapeutic and Theranostic Applications: Concepts, Applications, and Future Perspectives. In: Pardeshi, C.V. (eds) Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30529-0_1

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