Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Abstract

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, thyroid goiter, and ophthalmopathy. The disease arises due to the production of autoantibodies that auto-stimulates the thyrotropin receptors in the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones.

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Further Reading

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Rickets and Osteomalacia

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Scurvy

Fluorosis

Lead Poisoning (Plumbism)

Adrenal Gland Abnormalities

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Sheehan Syndrome (Postpartum Hypopituitarism)

Hypothyroidism

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Gynecomastia

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Al-Tubaikh, J.A. (2023). Endocrinology and Metabolism. In: Internal Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28575-2_3

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