Zusammenfassung
In der Zeit der „great moderation“ vor der globalen Finanzkrise wurde die Globalisierung in politischen und akademischen Kreisen weithin als ein unaufhaltsamer Prozess und als ein im Großen und Ganzen gutartiger Prozess angesehen. Bei entsprechender Politik stellte die Globalisierung ein höheres Wachstum und globale Konvergenz in Aussicht. Veränderungen innerhalb der Volkswirtschaften ließen sich durch geeignete angebotsseitige Maßnahmen bewältigen; der Widerstand gegen Veränderungen durch die Globalisierung würde nur zu Wohlfahrtsverlusten führen. Die Triebkräfte der Globalisierungsprozesse waren in diesen Darstellungen nicht immer klar erkennbar; technologische Veränderungen ermöglichten größere internationale Ströme, aber auch politische Veränderungen untermauerten das Wachstum der globalen Märkte.
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Notes
- 1.
Siehe dazu Perraton (2019).
- 2.
Das McKinsey Global Institute (2018a) hat 18 Beispiele für Schwellenländer gefunden, die ihre Konkurrent:innen übertroffen haben. Nur sieben asiatische Volkswirtschaften haben dies im letzten halben Jahrhundert durchgängig geschafft: China, Hongkong, Indonesien, Malaysia, Singapur, Südkorea und Thailand. Für die multinationalen Unternehmen der Schwellenländer sind China, Indien und Südkorea die wichtigsten Heimatländer.
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Perraton, J. (2023). Globalisierung nach der Finanzkrise: Struktureller Wandel und multinationale Unternehmen in Schwellenländern. In: Breinbauer, A., Brennan, L., Jäger, J., Nachbagauer, A.G.M., Nölke, A. (eds) Multinationale Unternehmen aus Schwellenländern und Europa. Springer Gabler, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28348-2_2
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