Abstract
This chapter deals with the fundamental concepts of connectivity and the working of polymer composites along with the important theoretical models, which are used to describe the percolation and scaling behavior of polymer-conductor composites (PCC) and also the non-percolative systems.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Stroud D (1998) The effective medium approximations: some recent developments. Superlattices Microstruct 23:567–573
Bruggeman DAG (1935) Berechnung verschiedener physikalischer Konstanten von heterogenen Substanzen. I. Dielektrizitätskonstanten und Leitfähigkeiten der Mischkörper aus isotropen Substanzen. Ann Phys 416:636–664
Sahimi M (2003) Heterogeneous materials I: linear transport and optical properties. Springer, New York
Torquato S (2002) Random heterogeneous materials: microstructure and macroscopic properties. Springer, New York
Priou A (1992) Dielectric properties of heterogeneous materials. In: Progress in electromagnetics research. Elsevier, New York
Opper M, Saad D (2001) Advanced mean field methods: theory and practice. MIT Press, Massachussets
Yamada T, Ueda T, Kitayana T (1982) Piezoelectricity of a high content lead zirconate titanate/polymer composite. J Appl Phys 53:4328–4332
Tinga WR, Voss WAG, Blossy DF (1973) Generalized approach to multiphase dielectric mixture theory. J Appl Phys 44:3897–3902
Brosseau C (2002) Generalized effective medium theory and dielectric relaxation in particle-filled polymeric resins. J Appl Phys 91:3197–3204
Calame JP (2008) Dielectric permittivity simulation of random irregularly shaped particle composites and approximation using modified dielectric mixing laws. J Appl Phys 104:114108–114111
Stauffer D, Aharony A (1992) Introduction to percolation theory. Taylor and Francis, London
Sahimi M (1994) Applications of percolation theory. Taylor and Francis, London
Panda M, Srinivas V, Thakur AK (2015) Non-universal scaling behavior of polymer-metal composites across the percolation threshold. Res Phys 5:136–141
Newnham RE, Skinner DP, Cross LE (1978) Connectivity and piezoelectric-pyroelectric composites. Mater Res Bull 13:525–536
Ryu J, Priya S, Uchino K, Kim HE (2002) Magnetoelectric effect in composites of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials. J Electroceramics 8:107–119
Maxwell JCG (1904) Colours in metal glasses and metal films. Philos Trans R Soc London Sect A 3:385–420
Landauer R (1952) The electrical resistance of binary metallic mixtures. J Appl Phys 23:779–784
Bergman DJ, Imry Y (1977) Critical behavior of the complex dielectric constant near the percolation threshold of a heterogenous material. Phys Rev Lett 39:1222–1225
Grannan DM, Garland JC, Tanner DB (1981) Critical behavior of the dielectric constant of a random composite near the percolation threshold. Phys Rev Lett 46:375–378
Wilkinson D, Langer JS, Sen PN (1983) Enhancement of the dielectric constant near a percolation threshold. Phys Rev B 28:1081–1087
Song Y, Noh TW, Lee SI, Gaines JR (1986) Experimental study of the three-dimensional ac conductivity and dielectric constant of conductor-insulator composite near the percolation threshold. Phys Rev B 33:904–908
Lee SI, Song Y, Noh TW, Chen XD, Gaines JR (1986) Experimental observation of non-universal behavior of the conductivity exponent for three-dimensional continuum percolation systems. Phys Rev B 34:6719–6724
Gefen Y, Aharony A, Alexander S (1983) Anomalous diffusion on percolating clusters. Phys Rev Lett 50:77–80
Gefen Y, Aharony A, Mandelbrot BB, Kirkpatrick S (1981) Solvable fractal family, and its possible relation to the backbone at percolation. Phys Rev Lett 47:1771–1774
Knite M, Teteris V, Aulika I, Kabelka H, Fuith A (2004) Alternating-current properties of elastomer-carbon nanocomposites. Adv Eng Mater 6:746–749
Laibowitz RB, Gefen Y (1984) Dynamic scaling near the percolation threshold in thin au films. Phys Rev Lett 53:380–383
Efros AL, Shklovskii BI (1976) Critical behaviour of conductivity and dielectric constant near the metal-non-metal transition threshold. Phys Status Solidi (b) 76:475–485
Balberg I (2002) A comprehensive picture of the electrical phenomena in carbon black-polymer composites. Carbon 40:139–143
Balberg I, Bozowski S (1982) Percolation in a composite of random stick-like conducting particles. Solid State Commun 44:551–554
Halperin BI, Feng S, Sen PN (1985) Difference between lattice and continuum percolation transport exponents. Phys Rev Lett 54:2391–2394
Feng S, Halperin BI, Sen PN (1987) Transport properties of continuum systems near the percolation threshold. Phys Rev B 35:197–214
Rubin Z, Sunshine SA, Heaney MB, Bloom I, Balberg I (1999) Critical behavior of the electrical transport properties in a tunneling-percolation system. Phys Rev B 59:12196–12199
Bug ALR, Grest GS, Cohen MH, Webman I (1987) Ac response near the percolation threshold: transfer-matrix results in two and three dimensions. Phys Rev B 36:3675–3682
Balberg I (1987) Tunnelling and non-universal conductivity in composite materials. Phys Rev Lett 59:1305–1308
Debye P (1945) Polar molecules. Dover, New York
Cole KS, Cole RH (1941) Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics I. Alternating current characteristics. J Chem Phys 9:341–351
Davidson DW, Cole RH (1951) Dielectric relaxation in glycerol, propylene glycol, and n propanol. J Chem Phys 19:1484–1490
Havriliak S, Havriliak SJ (1997) Dielectric and mechanical relaxation in materials: analysis, interpretation, and application to polymers. Hanser Publishers, Munich
Jonscher AK (1983) Dielectric relaxation in solids. Chelsea Dielectrics press, London
Macdonald JR (1987) Impedance spectroscopy: emphasizing solid materials and systems. Wiley, New York
Hsu CS, Mansfeld F (2001) Concerning the conversion of the constant phase element parameter Y0 into a capacitance. Corrosion 57:747–748
Moynihan CT, Boesch LP, Laberge NL (1973) Decay function for the electric field relaxation in vitreous ionic conductors. Phys Chem Glasses 14:122–125
Williams G, Watts DC (1970) Non-symmetrical dielectric relaxation behavior arising from a simple empirical decay function. Trans Faraday Soc 66:80–85
Dyre JC, Schroder TB (2000) Universality of ac conduction in disordered solids. Rev Mod Phys 72:873–892
Gerhardt R (1994) Impedance and dielectric spectroscopy revisited: distinguishing localized relaxation from long-range conductivity. J Phys Chem Solids 55:1491–1506
Sinclair DC, West AR (1989) Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of semiconducting BaTiO3 showing positive temperature coefficient of resistance. J Appl Phys 66:3850–3856
Almond DP, Duncan GK, West AR (1983) The determination of hop** rates and carrier concentrations in ionic conductors by a new analysis of ac conductivity. Solid State Ionics 8:159–164
Stephen MJ (1981) Magnetic susceptibility of percolating clusters. Phys Lett A 87:67–68
Kalinin YE, Sitnikov AV, Skryabina NE, Spivak LV, Artem AA, Shadrin A (2004) Barkhausen effect and percolation threshold in metal-dielectric nanocomposites. J Mag Magn Mater 272–276:E893
Guo Z, Park S, Hahn HT, Wei S, Moldovan M, Karki AB, Young DP (2007) Magnetic and electromagnetic evaluation of the magnetic nanoparticle filled polyurethane nanocomposites. J Appl Phys 101(09M):511
Shekhar S, Sajitha EP, Prasad V, Subramanyam SV (2008) High coercivity below percolation threshold in polymer nanocomposite. J Appl Phys 104:0839101–0839104
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Panda, M. (2023). Fundamentals of the Models and Spectroscopic Techniques. In: Percolation, Scaling, and Relaxation in Polymer Dielectrics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27941-6_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27941-6_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-27940-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-27941-6
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)