Applying Generative Adversarial Networks and Vision Transformers in Speech Emotion Recognition

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
HCI International 2022 - Late Breaking Papers. Multimodality in Advanced Interaction Environments (HCII 2022)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 13519))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Automatic recognition of human emotions is of high importance in human-computer interaction (HCI) due to its applications in real-world tasks. Previously, several studies have been introduced to address the problem of emotion recognition using several kinds of sensors, feature extraction methods, and classification techniques. Specifically, emotion recognition has been reported using audio, vision, text, and biosensors. Although, using acted emotion signals, significant improvements have been achieved, emotion recognition still faces low performance due to the lack of real data and limited data size. To address this problem, in this study data augmentation is investigated based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). For classification the Vision Transformer (ViT) is being used. ViT has originally been applied for image classification, but in the current study is being adopted for emotion recognition. The proposed methods have been evaluated using the English IEMOCAP and the Japanese JTES speech corpora and showed significant improvements when data augmentation has been applied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Thailand)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 42.79
Price includes VAT (Thailand)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 49.99
Price excludes VAT (Thailand)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Busso, C., Bulut, M., Narayanan, S.: Toward effective automatic recognition systems of emotion in speech. In: Gratch, J., Marsella, S. (eds.) Social Emotions in Nature and Artifact: Emotions in Human and Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 110–127. Oxford University Press, New York, November 2013

    Google Scholar 

  2. Feng, H., Uno, S., Kawahara, T.: End-to-end speech emotion recognition combined with acoustic-to-word ASR model. In: INTERSPEECH, pp. 501–505 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Huang, J., Tao, J., Liu, B., Lian, Z.: Learning utterance-level representations with label smoothing for speech emotion recognition. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, pp. 4079–4083 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jalal, M.A., Milner, R., Hain, T., Moore, R.K.: Removing bias with residual mixture of multi-view attention for speech emotion recognition. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, pp. 4084–4088 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jalal, M.A., Milner, R., Hain, T.: Empirical interpretation of speech emotion perception with attention based model for speech emotion recognition. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, pp. 4113–4117 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Stuhlsatz, A., Meyer, C., Eyben, F., Zielke1, T., Meier, G., Schuller, B.: Deep neural networks for acoustic emotion recognition: raising the benchmarks. In: Proceedings of ICASSP, pp. 5688–5691 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Han, K., Yu, D., Tashev, I.: Speech emotion recognition using deep neural network and extreme learning machine. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, pp. 2023–2027 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Lim, W., Jang, D., Lee, T.: Speech emotion recognition using convolutional and recurrent neural networks. In: Proceedings of Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA) (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Rawat, W., Wang, Z.: Deep convolutional neural networks for image classification: a comprehensive review. Neural Commun. 29, 2352–2449 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Huynh, X.-P., Tran, T.-D., Kim, Y.-G.: Convolutional neural network models for facial expression recognition using BU-3DFE database. In: Information Science and Applications (ICISA) 2016. LNEE, vol. 376, pp. 441–450. Springer, Singapore (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0557-2_44

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Jalal, M., Milner, R., Hain, T.: Empirical interpretation of speech emotion perception with attention based model for speech emotion recognition. In: INTERSPEECH, pp. 4113–4117 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Padi, S., Sadjadi, S.O., Sriram, R.D., Manocha, D.: Improved speech emotion recognition using transfer learning and spectrogram augmentation. In: ICMI, pp. 645–652 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Xu, Y., Xu, H., Zou, J.: HGEM: a hierarchical grained and feature model for acoustic emotion recognition. In: ICASSP 2020–2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 6499–6503. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Baevski, A., Zhou, H., Mohamed, A., Auli, M.: wav2vec 2.0: a framework for self-supervised learning of speech representations. ar**v preprint ar**v:2006.11477 (2020)

  15. Wang, Y., Boumadane, A., Heba, A.: A fine-tuned Wav2vec 2.0/Hubert Benchmark For Speech Emotion Recognition, Speaker Verification and Spoken Language Understanding. ar**v preprint ar**v:2111.02735 (2021)

  16. Schuller, B., et al.: Paralinguistics in speech and languagestate-of-the-art and the challenge. Comput. Speech Lang. 27(1), 4–39 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Ian, G., et al.: Generative adversarial nets. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Dosovitskiy, A, et al.: An image is worth 16x16 words: transformers for image recognition at scale. ar**v:2010.11929v2 (2020)

  19. Zhu, J.Y., Park, T., Isola, P., Efros, A.A.: Unpaired image-toimage translation using cycle-consistent adversarial networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2223–2232 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kaneko, T., Kameoka, H.: Parallel-data-free voice conversion using cycle-consistent adversarial networks. In: 26th European Signal Processing Conference ar**v:1711.11293, November 2017 (2018)

  21. Bao, F., Neumann, M., Vu, N.T.: Cyclegan-based emotion style transfer as data augmentation for speech emotion recognition. In: Proceedings of Interspeech 2019, pp. 2828–2832 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Vaswani, A., et al.: Attention is all you need. ar**v:1706.03762 (2017)

  23. Livingstone, S.R., Peck, K., Russo, F.A.: RAVDESS: the ryerson audio-visual database of emotional speech and song. In: 22nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society for Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Science (CSBBCS) (Kingston, ON) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hinton, G., et al.: Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition: the shared views of four research groups. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 29(6), 82–97 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Panayotov, V., Chen, G., Povey, D., Khudanpur, S.: Librispeech: an ASR corpus based on public domain 382 audio books. In: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, pp. 5206–5210 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Council for Science, Technology and Innovation, “Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP), Big-data and AI-enabled Cyberspace Technologies” (funding agency: NEDO).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Panikos Heracleous .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Heracleous, P., Fukayama, S., Ogata, J., Mohammad, Y. (2022). Applying Generative Adversarial Networks and Vision Transformers in Speech Emotion Recognition. In: Kurosu, M., et al. HCI International 2022 - Late Breaking Papers. Multimodality in Advanced Interaction Environments. HCII 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13519. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17618-0_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17618-0_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-17617-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-17618-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation