Abstract
Morocco is one of the most important fig (Ficus carica L.) diversity hotspots globally, where its cultivation is ancestral. This large diversity, alongside its valorization, has gone unheeded for many reasons, some of which have to do with ancient agricultural strategies besides the lack of exhaustive studies. Although being the third worldwide fig producer, Moroccan fig remains less competitive in the international market because of the poorly structured value chain and the lack of efficient marketing strategies. The current chapter aims to assess the fig genetic and chemotypic diversity hosted in Moroccan agroecosystems and the nutritional values of this typical seasonal fruit alongside its positive effects on human health. A particular interest is also given to examining the potential and emerging valorization pathways of fig and its bioproducts. This chapter also provides a critical analysis of fig value chain and market structure, focusing on the sector resilience towards various chocks. The latter, including the recent socioeconomic crisis provoked by COVID-19, is a challenging endeavor since the sector is poorly organized, making it more vulnerable to global changes. This may impact the local population, mainly where this crop constitutes the main income source. Through this chapter, a holistic view of fig diversity and valorization patterns, along with its value chain resilience to a wide range of factors and conditions, explores solutions to the benefit of policy makers, industry, and end-users.
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Abbreviations
- ABTS:
-
Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid
- CE:
-
Catechin equivalent
- cy-3 rutinoside:
-
Cyanindin-3- rutinoside
- DPPH:
-
2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl
- dw:
-
dry weight
- FRSA:
-
Free radical scavenging activity
- GAE:
-
Gallic acid equivalent
- IC50:
-
Half maximum inhibitory concentration
- ISSR:
-
Inter-simple sequence repeat
- mM:
-
Millimole
- PCA:
-
Principal components (PC) analysis
- RAPD:
-
Random amplified polymorphic DNA
- RFLP:
-
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
- SSC:
-
Soluble sugars content
- SSR:
-
Simple sequence repeat
- TA:
-
Titratable acidity
- TAC:
-
Total anthocyanins
- TFC:
-
Total flavonoids content
- TPAC:
-
Total pro-anthocyanidins
- TPC:
-
Total phenolic content
- TSS:
-
otal soluble solids
- β-Car:
-
β-carotene
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The authors are thankful to Zahra Oussi Ali and Ali Hssaini.
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Hssaini, L., Razouk, R., Fadlaoui, A., Houmanat, K. (2023). Figs in Morocco: Diversity Patterns, Valorization Pathways and Value Chain Resilience. In: Ramadan, M.F. (eds) Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16493-4_2
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