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Estimation of Surface Runoff

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Climate Change Impact on Soil Erosion in Sub-tropical Environment

Part of the book series: Geography of the Physical Environment ((GEOPHY))

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Abstract

The land degradation from the different forms of erosion due to water action is very much familiar in the subtropical environments. The “Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN)” is considered as a reliable technique for estimating the potential surface runoff. The application of GIS technique is not only capable to estimate the scenario with less effort and money but also deals with the maximum possible accuracy. In the subtropical environments, the “land use and land cover (LULC)” changes rapidly for the expansion of the agricultural area as well as settlement area from the forest and fallow land. The character and amount of surface runoff are very much dependent regarding the nature of “LULC”. This scenario leads to play an influential function regarding the erosion susceptibility. The most of the areas of this region are facing the very high surface runoff which leads to large-scale “land degradation” in the different forms of erosion. Due to high “surface runoff”, the “infiltration capacity” also significantly decreases which also decreases the storage of the subsurface water. The weighted curve number of all features is 15,248,412.7, and the feature-wise “weighted CN” ranges from 78,690.44 to 9,977,959. The water discharge of this region is 719,641.88 m3 which indicates the larger erosion potentiality.

Numerous factors, such as extreme meteorological conditions, particularly drought, contribute to land degradation. Additionally, it is brought on by human activities that deteriorate or impair soil quality and land usability. Production of food, livelihoods, as well as the creation and delivery of other ecosystem products and services are all negatively impacted. Due to increased and coupled pressures from agricultural and livestock production (over-cultivation, over-grazing and forest conversion), urbanization, deforestation and extreme weather events like droughts and coastal surges that salinate land, land degradation has increased during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, 713104, India

    Subodh Chandra Pal & Rabin Chakrabortty

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  1. Subodh Chandra Pal
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  2. Rabin Chakrabortty
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Correspondence to Subodh Chandra Pal .

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Pal, S.C., Chakrabortty, R. (2022). Estimation of Surface Runoff. In: Climate Change Impact on Soil Erosion in Sub-tropical Environment . Geography of the Physical Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15721-9_4

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