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Convergent Evolution: Theory and Practice for Bioinspiration

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Convergent Evolution

Part of the book series: Fascinating Life Sciences ((FLS))

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Abstract

For many biological systems different strategies, morphologies and/or behaviours have evolved in response to similar functional demands (a concept known as convergent evolution). The biodiversity on Earth thus holds a wealth of natural strategies that may provide tailored solutions to the social, economic and environmental challenges the world faces—a practice often referred to as biomimicry, biomimetics or bioinspiration. Despite the great potential and increasing popularity of bioinspiration as a research approach, deciding which biological systems to explore remains a challenging and complex task. Not only does the incompleteness of the knowledge about biodiversity inhibit the identification of suitable biological strategies, but also practitioners in the field of bioinspiration often rely on the assumption that natural structures are the result of evolutionary processes that strive for optimization, thereby failing to acknowledge the processes that might constrain adaptive evolution. The purpose of this chapter is threefold. First, we shed light on the evolutionary constraints and limitations that pose potential pitfalls for using biodiversity as a source of inspiration for innovation. Second, we highlight the central role that the study of convergent evolution could and should play in addressing the current challenges to approaches to bioinspiration. Finally, we provide valuable insights into methodological trends that might facilitate the identification and experimental analysis of biological systems and thereby advance our understanding of biological structures in novel ways. By engaging with these three lines of thought, we present a perspective on future directions for bioinspiration, drawing attention to the opportunities for improving the translation of biological knowledge into innovative solutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium

    Chris Broeckhoven

  2. Research Group 3D Innovation, Department of Physics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

    Anton du Plessis

  3. Object Research Systems, Montréal, Canada

    Anton du Plessis

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  1. Chris Broeckhoven
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  2. Anton du Plessis
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Correspondence to Chris Broeckhoven .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Systematics, Evolution, Biodiversity, ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS/MNHN/EPHE/UA, National Museum of Natural History, Sorbonne University, Paris, France

    Vincent L. Bels

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Anthony P. Russell

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Broeckhoven, C., du Plessis, A. (2023). Convergent Evolution: Theory and Practice for Bioinspiration. In: Bels, V.L., Russell, A.P. (eds) Convergent Evolution. Fascinating Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11441-0_17

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