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Mechanisms of Lipoproteins and Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

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Cardiovascular Signaling in Health and Disease

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) makes up approximately 42.1% of all cardiovascular disease deaths in the United States. Cholesterol deposition in the arteries from LDL-C, or the “bad cholesterol,” increases the risk of CHD, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. However, increased HDL-C, “good cholesterol,” has been associated with lower risk of CHD and plays an important role in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway. The RCT pathway is the process of cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells and tissues by HDL, and transported to the liver for uptake, excretion, and recycling. Pathogenic variants in key players within the RCT pathway, like SCARB1, ApoA-I, ABCA1/ABCG1, are associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Thus, understanding RCT mechanisms is of significant scientific interest. In this chapter, we discuss lipoproteins, with particular emphasis on the known mechanisms of RCT, disease-associated variants, and current therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Holly C. Sucharski & Sara N. Koenig

  2. Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    Holly C. Sucharski & Sara N. Koenig

  3. Bob and Corinne Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    Holly C. Sucharski & Sara N. Koenig

  4. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Holly C. Sucharski & Sara N. Koenig

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  1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA

    Narasimham L. Parinandi

  2. Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Thomas J. Hund

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Sucharski, H.C., Koenig, S.N. (2022). Mechanisms of Lipoproteins and Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. In: Parinandi, N.L., Hund, T.J. (eds) Cardiovascular Signaling in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08309-9_12

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