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Liquid Biopsies: Flowing Biomarkers

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Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1379))

Abstract

Metastatic dissemination accounts for most of the death in patients during cancer progression. There is thus an urge to identify specific biomarkers as proxies for cancer progression and assessment of treatment efficiency. Cancer is a systemic disease involving the shuttling of tumor cells and tumor secreted factors to distant organs, mostly via biofluids. During this transfer, these factors are accessible for easy sampling and therefore constitute a unique source of information witnessing the presence and the evolution of the disease. Hence, liquid biopsies offer multiple advantages, including simple and low-invasive sampling procedures, low cost, and higher compliance. Importantly, liquid biopsies are adapted to personalized medicine allowing a longitudinal follow-up to monitor treatment efficiency or resistance, and risk of relapse.

The evolution of methodologies to isolate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood samples associated with the characterization of their membrane surface repertoire and content have been instrumental in the emergence of liquid biopsies as an easy and non-invasive alternative as opposed to classical surgery-mediated tumor biopsies.

In this chapter, we comment on CTCs and EVs carrying features with great potential as cancer biomarkers. More specifically, we focus on the adhesive and mechanical properties of CTCs as metastatic markers. We also consider the recent development of EVs isolation methods and the identification of new biomarkers. Finally, we discuss their relevance as cancer prognosis tools.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Tumor Biomechanics lab (www.goetzlab.fr), for support and discussions. This work has been supported by Plan Cancer, INCa, Cancéropôle Grand-Est and La Ligue Contre le Cancer and by institutional funds from INSERM and the University of Strasbourg.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France

    Vincent Hyenne, Jacky G. Goetz & Naël Osmani

  2. Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Vincent Hyenne, Jacky G. Goetz & Naël Osmani

  3. Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Vincent Hyenne, Jacky G. Goetz & Naël Osmani

  4. Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France

    Vincent Hyenne, Jacky G. Goetz & Naël Osmani

  5. CNRS, SNC5055, Strasbourg, France

    Vincent Hyenne

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  1. Vincent Hyenne
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  2. Jacky G. Goetz
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Correspondence to Naël Osmani .

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  1. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    David Caballero

  2. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    Subhas C. Kundu

  3. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics at the University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    Rui L. Reis

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Hyenne, V., Goetz, J.G., Osmani, N. (2022). Liquid Biopsies: Flowing Biomarkers. In: Caballero, D., Kundu, S.C., Reis, R.L. (eds) Microfluidics and Biosensors in Cancer Research. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1379. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_14

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