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Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans Regulate Cancer Cell Growth, Apoptosis, and Associated Inflammation

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The Extracellular Matrix and the Tumor Microenvironment

Part of the book series: Biology of Extracellular Matrix ((BEM,volume 11))

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Abstract

The tumor microenvironment, apart from tumor cells, contains tissue nonmalignant cells, blood vessels, stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells, and the modified extracellular matrix (ECM). The altered ECM essentially regulates all tumor cells’ functions and forms a permissive tumor cell environment. Proteoglycans (PGs) are an essential component of the ECM and correspond to composite molecules that comprise a protein core into which one or more glycosaminoglycans (GAG) chains are covalently bound. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are a family of 18 proteins. The SLRPs are grouped into five classes based on their homology at both the protein and genomic levels, the number of the leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), the spacing of their N-terminal cysteine residue and ear repeats, and crucially their shared functional features taking into account that some SLRPs are not classical proteoglycans. Due to their structure’s specificities, the SLRPs have been indicated to participate in myriad physiological and pathological processes. This chapter provides a critical overview of biglycan and lumican roles in the reactive cancer milieu and consecutively extrapolates to potential options for develo** targeted treatments.

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

    Dragana Nikitovic & George Tzanakakis

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  1. Dragana Nikitovic
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  2. George Tzanakakis
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Correspondence to Dragana Nikitovic .

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  1. Department of Pathology & Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Ilona Kovalszky

  2. Department for Life Quality Study, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy

    Marco Franchi

  3. Laboratorio de Microambiente Tumoral, National University of Northwestern Buen, Junin, Argentina

    Laura D. Alaniz

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Nikitovic, D., Tzanakakis, G. (2022). Small Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans Regulate Cancer Cell Growth, Apoptosis, and Associated Inflammation. In: Kovalszky, I., Franchi, M., Alaniz, L.D. (eds) The Extracellular Matrix and the Tumor Microenvironment. Biology of Extracellular Matrix, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99708-3_1

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