Abstract
Feed and feeding management in aquaculture constitute around 50–60% of operational expenditure. Therefore, in scientific aquaculture practices, feeding management should be strategically performed to make them economically lucrative. On the other hand, to feed the accelerating global population which is expected to reach 9 billion in 2050, fish is the cheapest source of protein. As the fish production from capture sector is static, aquaculture is the only option available to meet up the fish demand. Therefore, feed-based aquaculture will have a pivotal contribution to achieve the targeted fish production in near future. Freshwater aquaculture comprising of production of carps, tilapia, catfishes, prawns, etc., contributes a major share to the global aquaculture production of 82 million tons in 2018. Although various species in freshwater aquaculture have different nutrient requirements, a common feed that meets up the requirement of many species is the most sought after one. Moreover, feeding management as a crucial step for successful aquaculture venture varies with culture species and systems. Research on aquaculture nutrition focusses mainly on nutrient requirements of various life stages of fish and crustaceans, and thereby development of low cost but nutritionally balanced feeds. Freshwater species require less costly feed compared to marine species for their aquaculture. Therefore, there is a huge scope for development and wide application of low-cost feed using location-specific ingredients. This chapter provides a comprehensive information on feeding ecology, nutrient requirements, different feed additives used for feed preparation and feeding management practices of commercially important freshwater species.
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The authors are thankful to the Director/ Vice-Chancellor, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai for providing necessary facilities, support and encouragement for carrying out various research studies and preparation of this chapter.
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Pailan, G.H., Biswas, G. (2022). Feed and Feeding Strategies in Freshwater Aquaculture. In: Lama, T., Burman, D., Mandal, U.K., Sarangi, S.K., Sen, H. (eds) Transforming Coastal Zone for Sustainable Food and Income Security. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95618-9_35
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