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Oscillators and Frequency Synthesis

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Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Techniques and Technologies

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Abstract

Oscillators are found in all radar and communication systems, as a signal source for up- or down-conversion and as a generator of carrier frequency. This chapter describes the theory and circuit design techniques for generating undamped, periodic, and stable, steady-state RF oscillations at a specific or tunable frequency.

Edited by U. L. Rohde and V. Issakov

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Both four-terminal networks are equivalent for K = 1 and a = 2, i.e. the corresponding four-terminal matrices of both four-terminal networks are identical.

  2. 2.

    In [119] the phase slope is defined as \(S^{*} = \left| {{\text{d}}\varphi_{{\text{k}}} /{\text{d}}f} \right|f = f_{r}\). \(S^{*} = 2\pi S\) applies.

  3. 3.

    All of the following considerations apply to the right quartz (Fig. 10.101b). They also apply to left quartzes if, in contrast to Fig. 10.101a, a left system is introduced for the axes, i.e. the axial direction X is inverted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

    Vadim Issakov

  2. Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany

    Ulrich L. Rohde

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  1. Vadim Issakov
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  1. Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

    Hans L. Hartnagel

  2. Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF, Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Rüdiger Quay

  3. Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Brandenburg, Germany

    Ulrich L. Rohde

  4. Fachgebiet Hochfrequenz- und Mikrowellentechnik, Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, Brandenburg, Germany

    Matthias Rudolph

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Issakov, V., Rohde, U.L. (2023). Oscillators and Frequency Synthesis. In: Hartnagel, H.L., Quay, R., Rohde, U.L., Rudolph, M. (eds) Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Techniques and Technologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94100-0_10

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