Aestheticizing an Einsteinian World: The Idea of Space-Time in Russian Literary Theory and in Art Criticism

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Imagine Math 8
  • 706 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, I will draw attention to what I will call an “aesthetization of an Einsteinian world” in the work of two Russian thinkers, Mikhail Bakhtin (1895–1975) and Pavel Florensky (1882–1937). Under “Einsteinian world,” an expression I borrow from Bakhtin, I understand the uniquely modern intuition that all objects of experience exist in a unity of space-time characteristics. The “aesthetization” of this intuition, typical of modern man and postulated by relativity theory, refers to its application to the field of the arts, i.e., the aesthetical worlds, created by the arts. In the two cases here, it was the notion of the unity of space-time that lay in the background of Bakhtin’s concept of the chronotope (literally, space-time) in literature and Florensky’s “reverse perspective” and “reverse time” in the art of the icon.

It is the theory of relativity, which made possible these notions. The two Russian thinkers’ ideas on the relationship between space and time in literature and in the art of the icon respectively could have been advanced only after Einstein’s ideas became widely known. In other words, there is a much closer link between the scientific idea and its “aesthetization” than in the common instances of borrowing terminology from one field of knowledge and applying it to another without any intrinsic connection between the two.

I thank Emeritus Prof. Caryl Emerson for her comments on this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jakobson, R.: O pokolenii raztrativshikh svoikh poetov (On the Generation That Squandered Its Poets) (1931). In: Language in Literature. Belknap Press, Cambridge (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Vols. 2–3, ed. A.V. Vasil’ev, were on the subject of “Space and Time” (1913) and included texts by Ernst Mach, H. Poincaré, while vol.5 focused on the “principle of relativity” (1914)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Vol.3, ed. I.I. Borgman, was devoted to the “principle of relativity” (1914)

    Google Scholar 

  4. On the impact of Einstein’s ideas on the arts, especially painting, see L. Henderson, The Fourth Dimension and Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Art. MIT Press, Cambridge (1983) (Vargish, T., Mook, D.: Inside Modernism: Relativity Theory, Cubism, Narrative. Yale University Press, New Haven (1999), Miller, A.: Einstein, Picasso: Space, Time, and the Beauty That Causes Havoc. Basic Books, New York (2001))

    Google Scholar 

  5. Khlebnikov, V.: The radio of the future (1921). In: Khlebnikov, V. (ed.) The King of Time: Selected Writings of the Russian Futurian (C. Douglas, trans. P. Schmidt), pp. 155–159. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Stone, J.: Polyphony and the atomic age: Bakhtin’s assimilation of an Einsteinian universe. PMLA. 123/2, 413 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bakhtin, M.: Forms of time and of the chronotope in the novel. In: Bakhtin, M. (ed.) The Dialogical Imagination: Four Essays. University of Texas University Press, Austin (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cassirer, E.: Teoriia otnositel’nosti Einsteina (The Theory of Relativity of Einstein), trans. E.S. Berlovich and I. Kobubovskii. Nauka i shkola, Petrograd (1922) (originally in German in 1921)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Todorov, T.: From Mikhail Bakhtin: The dialogical principle. In: Emerson, C. (ed.) Critical Essays on Mikhail Bakhtin, p. 193. G.K. Hall, New York (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Antonova, C.: Non-Euclidean geometry in the Russian history of art: on a little-known application of a scientific theory. Leonardo. 53(3), 293–298 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Haynes, D.: Bakhtin and the Visual Arts. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ladin, J.: Fleshing out the Chronotope. In: Emerson, C. (ed.) Critical Essays on Mikhail Bakhtin, p. 228. G.K. Hall, New York (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Porter, L.: Bakhtin’s Chronotope: time and space in ‘a touch of the poet’ and ‘more stately mansions’. Modern Drama. 43(3), 369–382 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Bakhtin, M.: Rabelais and His World. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Frank, J.: Spatial Form in Narrative. In: Smitten, J., Daghistany, A. (eds.) Spatial form in narrative, p. 13. Cornell University Press, Ithaca (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ades, D.: Art and time in the twentieth century. In: Lippincott, K., Eco, U., Gombrich, E., et al. (eds.) The Story of Time, p. 202. Merrell Publishers, London (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Pächt, O.: The Rise of Pictorial Narrative in Twelfth-Century England. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cited in H. Chipp, (ed.), Theories of Modern Art: A Source Book by Artists and Critics. California University Press, Berkeley (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Egorov, V.F.: Dialogizm M.M. Bakhtina na fone nauchnoi misli 1920-kh godov (The Dialogism of M. M. Bakhtin against the Background of Scientific Thought in the 1920s). In: M.M. Bakhtin i filosofiia kul’turi XX veka (M.M. Bakhtin and the Philosophy of Culture of the Twentieth Century), pp. 7–17. Obrazovaniie, St. Petersburg (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Antonova, C.: On the problem of ‘reverse perspective:’ definitions east and west. Leonardo. 43(5), 464–470 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wulff, O.: Die umgekehrte Perspektive und die Niedersicht. In: Weizsächer, H. (ed.) Kunstwissenschaftliche Beiträge August Schmarsow gewidmet zum fünfzigsten Semester seiner akademischen Lehrtätigkeit, pp. 3–42. K.W. Hiersemann, Leipzig (1907)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Doehlemann, K.: Zur Frage der sog. ‘umgekehrte Perspektive’. Repertorium für Kunstwissenschaft. Berlin (1910)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Antonova, C.: Remembering ‘things that happened the week after next:’ reverse time in dreams, art, and time travel” in special issue “the science of art: visuality at an interdisciplinary crossroads. Leonardo 54/6 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Clemena Antonova .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Antonova, C. (2022). Aestheticizing an Einsteinian World: The Idea of Space-Time in Russian Literary Theory and in Art Criticism. In: Emmer, M., Abate, M. (eds) Imagine Math 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92690-8_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation