Synonyms
Definition
Quantum dots are zero-dimensional nanoparticles (defined as materials of which all dimensions are smaller than 100 nm) with electrons or holes confined in three dimensions. Typically, the size of quantum dots ranges from 1 nm to 10 nm, which are made up of hundreds of atoms. Quantum dots have unique properties due to the quantum confinement effect. Their absorption and emission spectra shift to higher energy, that is, shorter wavelength, as the size of quantum dots decreases. Therefore, the photoelectronic properties can be adjusted by changing the size and composition of quantum dots.
Quantum Confinement Effect
The continuous energy band becomes quasi-continuous or discreet when the size of quantum dots is close to or less than their exciton Bohr radius. As the size decreases, the carriers, including electrons and holes, will be confined and the kinetic energy increases. Consequently, the band gap of quantum dots increases, and the...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Pu, C., et al.: Synthetic control of exciton behavior in colloidal quantum dots. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139(9), 3302–3311 (2017)
Song, J., et al.: Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides (CsPbX3). Adv. Mater. 27(44), 7162–7167 (2015)
Hu, H., et al.: Optical sensing at the nanobiointerface of metal ion–optically-active nanocrystals. Nanoscale. 10(11), 5035–5046 (2018)
Kamat, P.V.: Quantum dot solar cells. The next big thing in photovoltaics. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4(6), 908–918 (2013)
Bajorowicz, B., et al.: Quantum dot-decorated semiconductor micro-and nanoparticles: a review of their synthesis, characterization and application in photocatalysis. Adv. Colloid Interf. Sci. 256, 352–372 (2018)
Hirasaki, Y., et al.: Emergence of colloidal quantum-dot light-emitting technologies. Nat. Photon. 7(1), 13–23 (2012)
Wu, J., et al.: Quantum dot optoelectronic devices: lasers, photodetectors and solar cells. J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 48(36), 363001 (2015)
Ramasamy, P., et al.: All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals for photodetector applications. Chem. Commun. 52(10), 2067–2070 (2016)
Mei, S., et al.: High-bandwidth white-light system combining a micro-LED with perovskite quantum dots for visible light communication. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 10(6), 5641–5648 (2018)
Zhang, C., et al.: Conversion of invisible metal-organic frameworks to luminescent perovskite nanocrystals for confidential information encryption and decryption. Nat. Commun. 8(1), 1138 (2017)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Guo, R., Wei, C., Zhang, W., **e, F. (2023). Quantum Dots. In: Shamey, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89862-5_393
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89862-5_393
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-89861-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-89862-5
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics