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Transcriptome in Human Mycoses

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Transcriptomics in Health and Disease

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Abstract

Mycoses are infectious diseases caused by fungi, which incidence has increased in recent decades due to the increasing number of immunocompromised patients and improved diagnostic tests. As eukaryotes, fungi share many similarities with human cells, making it difficult to design drugs without side effects. Commercially available drugs act on a limited number of targets and have been reported fungal resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs. Therefore, elucidating the pathogenesis of fungal infections, the fungal strategies to overcome the hostile environment of the host, and the action of antifungal drugs is essential for develo** new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic tests. Large-scale transcriptional analyses using microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), combined with improvements in molecular biology techniques, have improved the study of fungal pathogenicity. Such techniques have provided insights into the infective process by identifying molecular strategies used by the host and pathogen during the course of human mycoses. This chapter will explore the latest discoveries regarding the transcriptome of major human fungal pathogens. Further we will highlight genes essential for host–pathogen interactions, immune response, invasion, infection, antifungal drug response, and resistance. Finally, we will discuss their importance to the discovery of new molecular targets for antifungal drugs.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from Brazilian funding agencies FAPESP (Grant No. 2019/22596-9), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (Grants No. 305797/2017-4 and 304989/2017-7); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Finance Code 001; and Fundação de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência (FAEPA).

FAPESP supported the postdoctoral fellowships to N.P. (2009/08411-4), T.B. (2015/23435-8), G.P. (2012/22232-8 and 2013/19195-6), and E.L. (2011/08424-9).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

    Nalu T. A. Peres, Tamires A. Bitencourt, Gabriela F. Persinoti, Elza A. S. Lang, Antonio Rossi & Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi

  2. Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Nalu T. A. Peres

  3. Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Gabriela F. Persinoti

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  1. Nalu T. A. Peres
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Correspondence to Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi .

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  1. Molecular Immunogenetics Group, Department of Genetics, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

    Geraldo A. Passos

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Peres, N.T.A., Bitencourt, T.A., Persinoti, G.F., Lang, E.A.S., Rossi, A., Martinez-Rossi, N.M. (2022). Transcriptome in Human Mycoses. In: Passos, G.A. (eds) Transcriptomics in Health and Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87821-4_17

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